Abstract End delivery is the last link of the express service chain, and it is also the most direct and intuitive part of the consumer experience. After several years of development, China's express end services have gradually evolved from door-to-door delivery to door-to-door delivery, smart box delivery, platform delivery, unmanned distribution, etc.

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End delivery is the last link of the express service chain, and it is also the most direct and intuitive part of the consumer experience. After several years of development, China's express end services have gradually evolved from door-to-door delivery to multi-terminal service systems, such as door-to-door delivery, smart box delivery, platform delivery, and unmanned distribution. In the future, we must further work on network deployment, technological innovation, and optimizing resource allocation to make the end services of the express delivery industry better.

At the "2018 China Express 'Last Kilometer' Summit" held recently, Liu Jun, deputy director of the State Post Bureau, said that in the first half of this year, the express delivery industry has developed steadily, and the national express delivery service business has completed a total of 22.08 billion pieces of business. The growth rate was 27.5%; the business income totaled 274.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 25.8%. At the same time, the service capability of enterprises has been greatly improved, especially the quality of the terminal services has been further improved. The quality index of express delivery services has increased by 70.5% compared with the same period of last year. The number of service stations at the end of the express delivery has reached 42,000, and the number of intelligent express boxes has reached 240,000. Compared with the end of last year, it increased by 35% and 16%. However, with the increasing personalization needs of users, higher requirements have been placed on end delivery services.

Express delivery to the countryside "farm goods out of the mountain"

In the second half of the year, the passion fruit was listed in the peak season, and it was also the busiest time of Xie Xianhuang, the head of the network in Beilin City, Guangxi Province. Last year, Guangxi Baixiang was on fire, and the annual delivery volume exceeded 20 million, and tens of thousands of fruit farmers benefited. But just four years ago, due to the high cost of logistics and the immature packaging, it was difficult for Beiliu's passion fruit to be sent to the table of the people of the country.

The biggest difficulty facing the end-delivery service is the survival problem of the outlets. The above-mentioned difficulties are very common in the third- and fourth-tier cities where the amount of dispatch is insufficient, especially in mountainous rural areas with long distances, scattered population, scattered products and rugged mountain roads. In Guizhou, the end-delivery service resources started from "Express delivery to the countryside."

In recent years, Guizhou Province has actively promoted the “Express Delivery to the Countryside” project, serving “farm goods out of the mountain”, and built a provincial express logistics park and three city express delivery parks, as well as several county-level express parks. The coverage of going to the countryside is over 90%.

Chen Xiangdong, director of the Guizhou Provincial Postal Administration Bureau, told the Economic Daily reporter that since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Guizhou Provincial Postal Administration has guided the municipal and postal administrations to serve the rural agriculture and to relax the filing of the service providers for the “three rural” express service. Supporting the new development of express delivery and new ways of development, not only activated the endogenous power of express delivery enterprises in Guizhou, but also set off a wave of development of the end of the express delivery enterprises in poverty-stricken areas. Today, Southwest Guizhou, Anshun, Guiyang, Zunyi and other places have formed a rural express transport joint venture company, which only supported the sales of goods in the first half of the year exceeded 6.7 billion yuan.

Open the "last mile" by innovation

Express delivery is the last link of the express service chain, and it is also the most direct and intuitive part of the online shopping consumer experience. Since 2017, the express delivery companies have been paying more and more attention to the end services, and their investment resources have also increased. It can be said that the innovation in the field of end services in the express delivery industry is ubiquitous, and the intelligent application scenario is the most widely used in the end service, and has become the industry consensus.

At this year's "Beijing Fair", the mobile express box launched by Neighbors has attracted much attention. The mobile express box has a length of 1.68 meters, a height of 1.34 meters and a width of 1.54 meters. It is mounted on an electric tricycle and can be moved to a designated position at any time. This express box has a total of 64 ports, equipped with a keyboard input pick-up code, the express outlets can temporarily increase the collection equipment according to actual needs, thus meeting the needs of the dispatching, convenient for users to mention.

In fact, the number of outlets in large and medium-sized cities is very large, which has brought a lot of operational pressure to cities and enterprises. Under the realistic conditions, the unmanned logistics link has emerged as the times require. The logistics equipment such as drones, unmanned vehicles and unmanned cabins are also being upgraded under the drive of new technologies.

"Jingdong Logistics is constructing a 'trunk-spur-end-end' three-level unmanned logistics network system." Jingdong Logistics Group CEO Wang Zhenhui introduced the world's first intelligent logistics terminal independently developed by Jingdong in February this year - unmanned smart distribution station Debut in Xi'an. The unmanned intelligent distribution station is a means and bridge for managing and connecting drones and unmanned vehicles, and is a transit station for realizing unmanned distribution throughout the entire process. At present, Jingdong UAV terminal distribution has been operated in Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Hainan, Guangdong and Fujian provinces, with a total flight mileage of 120,000 kilometers.

End drones and unmanned vehicles are an important part of solving the unmanned end delivery. "In the long run, the end delivery will be a way of mixing people and vehicles." Xia Huaxia, general manager of the US Mission Unmanned Distribution Department, said at the launch conference of the US Mission Unmanned Distribution Open Platform, which is for take-away delivery. The unmanned delivery vehicle is an effective supplement to the rider. It can continue to work, such as taking on more nighttime distribution work. The rider is more flexible and can handle some more complicated scenes. The rider and the unmanned delivery vehicle can play their respective advantages and improve. Efficiency and optimizing the user experience.

Feng Lihu, director of the Market Supervision Department of the State Post Bureau, believes that different application scenarios require different service models. Different service models have spawned different innovative applications. The next-generation express delivery companies must be high-tech enterprises.

Guide enterprises to optimize resource allocation

"After several years of development, China's express end services have gradually evolved from door-to-door delivery to door-to-door delivery, smart box delivery, platform delivery, unmanned distribution and other multi-end service systems that complement each other in various forms. However, it still faces problems such as uncoordinated development and unsatisfactory convergence." Liu Jun said.

In recent years, with the rapid development of e-commerce, emerging platforms such as Jieduo and Netease Koala have developed rapidly. For the "foot" of various e-commerce platforms, express delivery companies and new end-service providers need to interface with more and more platforms, and business complexity and communication costs can be imagined. At the same time, information security is getting more and more attention, especially the privacy information of consumers' names, telephone numbers, addresses, etc., and it is also sensitive to the nerves of the whole society.

Liu Jun believes that promoting the end-of-service of express delivery to a high-quality stage is not only a transformation of the development stage, but also a comprehensive transformation of development goals, incentives and behavioral modes. It requires the cooperation of enterprises, governments and the whole society to achieve rational resources. Optimization.

Specifically, for large cities represented by Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, to speed up the service level at the end of express delivery, we must first ensure the convenience of terminal vehicles and convenient parking, and promote the express delivery of vehicles on the road and the civilized driving of employees; We must actively encourage the healthy development of new business formats, research and develop a smart courier delivery service management system, explore the establishment of a city-to-city delivery service supervision model, and create an enabling environment for emerging services at the legal level. In addition, it is necessary to promote the regulation of upstream and downstream data management and control, speed up the establishment of data protection and open sharing rules between express delivery and e-commerce platforms, encourage data exchange and sharing, and improve service synergy efficiency while ensuring the security of consumers' personal information.

Express delivery "last mile", in addition to large core cities, more attention to rural areas. Liu Jun believes that to actively optimize the terminal transportation structure, qualified enterprises should take the lead in promoting the upgrading of end-service vehicles in the central city of large and medium-sized cities. For the routes with long transportation distance and high idling rate in rural areas, it is necessary to actively promote the group to go to the countryside and co-operate, and actively play the role of the fulcrum at the end of the public access point, and reduce the cost of going to the countryside.

"Express delivery enterprises are the main implementation body of the end-delivery service to improve quality and efficiency. Encourage express delivery enterprises to carry out various forms of cooperation with social resources in the end delivery and comprehensive service platform construction to achieve optimal resource allocation." Liu Jun believes that express delivery Enterprises should attach great importance to the role of technological innovation in improving service efficiency, speed up the promotion of big data, mobile Internet, cloud computing and other technical applications, enhance online and offline integration, and provide technical support for more efficient end services.

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