First, the nutrients needed for flower growth and development According to different methods of use, winches can be divided into four types: manual winches, electric winches, pneumatic winches, and hydraulic winches. At present, the largest marine hydraulic winch is 350T, and the weight of the equipment reaches 150T. Lifting And Traction Winch,Pneumatic Winches,Hydraulic Winches,Electric Winches Rugao Yaou Import & Export Trade Co., Ltd , https://www.ntyaou.com
According to the reel form, it is divided into single reel and double reel.
According to the reel distribution, there are parallel double reels and front and rear double reels.
The main technical indicators of hydraulic winches include rated load, supporting load, rope speed, rope capacity, etc.
A winch is a light and small lifting device (see hoisting machinery) that uses a reel to wind a wire rope or chain to lift or tow heavy objects, also known as a hoist. The winch can be used alone or as a component of machinery such as lifting, road construction and mine hoisting. It is widely used because of its simple operation, large rope winding volume and convenient displacement. The winch is also known as the hoist. The product has high versatility, compact structure, small size, light weight, heavy lifting, and convenient transfer. It is widely used in construction, water conservancy projects, forestry, mines, docks, etc. for material lifting or flat towing, and can also be used as modern electronic control Supporting equipment for automatic operation line.
According to the power, the winch is divided into three categories: manual, electric and hydraulic.
The transmission mechanism of the handle rotation of the manual winch is equipped with a stopper (ratchet wheel and pawl), which can keep the heavy object in the required position. The manual winch used for assembling or lifting heavy objects should also be equipped with safety handles and brakes. Manual winches are generally used in places where the lifting capacity is small, the facilities are poor, or where there is no power supply.
Electric winches are widely used in places with heavy work and large traction requirements. The electric motor of the single-drum electric winch (pictured) drives the drum through the reducer, and a brake is installed between the electric motor and the input shaft of the reducer. In order to meet the needs of lifting, traction and rotation, there are also double-drum and multi-drum winches. Generally, a winch with a rated load lower than 10T can be designed as an electric winch.
The hydraulic winch is mainly a winch with a larger rated load. Generally, the winch from 10T to 5000T is designed as a hydraulic winch. The winch can be divided into:
Marine winches: Marine winches can be divided into drag winches, mooring winches, anchor winches, traction winches, etc.
Engineering winch: Mainly used in engineering, with functions such as hoisting and hoisting as the main function.
Mine winches: divided into hoisting winches, dispatching winches, shaft sinking winches, column return winches, rake mine winches, column return winches, etc.
Cable winch: mainly used when laying cables.
1 , a large number of elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
   　 (1) Nitrogen (N) nutrition of flowers: Nitrogen is necessary for plant growth and development. Usually, although the total amount of nitrogen in plants is not too high, such as 1.0-2.0% of whole rice plants. Plants are plants with high nitrogen content, and the nitrogen content in plant leaves accounts for about 3.5 to 5.0% of their dry weight. Nitrogen is mainly absorbed in the form of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and some small molecules of organic nitrogen such as urea can also be absorbed and utilized by plants. Nitrogen is the main component of protein, accounting for about 16-18% of protein content. It contains protein in both cytoplasm and nucleus. All enzymes are also based on proteins. In addition, nitrogen, such as nucleic acid, phospholipid, chlorophyll, and coenzyme, contain nitrogen; some plant hormones such as auxin and kinetin, and vitamins (such as B1, B2, B3, and PP) also contain nitrogen. Therefore, nitrogen plays a leading role in plant life, so nitrogen is also called life element.
   (2) Phosphorus (P) nutrition of flowers: Phosphorus is also an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. Generally, the phosphorus content of plants is 1 to 8%. Plants absorb more phosphorus from flower bud differentiation to flowering stage. Therefore, appropriate application of phosphate fertilizer should be carried out before flower bud differentiation stage; when soil temperature is low, effective phosphorus content in soil should be increased, and phosphate fertilizer should be increased; Appropriate application of phosphate fertilizer can increase the cold resistance of plants and increase the number of root lice and stems. Phosphorus is mainly absorbed by the formation of HPO42- and H2PO4-. Phosphorus is involved in the composition of nucleic acids, nucleotides, phospholipids, and certain coenzymes, and is therefore a major component of the cytoplasm and nucleus. Phosphorus is involved in many metabolic processes such as the glycolysis process.
   (3) Potassium (K) nutrition of flowers: Potassium is one of the three essential elements for plant growth and development. The potassium content in the soil is rich, so people have paid insufficient attention to potassium fertilizer for a long time. In recent years, due to the large use of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers, the demand for potash has also increased. Potassium is present in the organism in a free state or in an adsorbed state, and has an activation effect on various enzymes in the plant, and regulates various metabolisms of the plant. The potassium content of plants is about 1.0 to 3.5%. Potassium can promote the synthesis and transportation of carbohydrates, so potassium application can make the stem thick; potassium can also increase the hydration degree of the cells and improve the drought resistance and cold resistance of the plants. Generally, applying potassium fertilizer in the late autumn and early winter can improve the cold resistance of the plants. Sex.
2 , secondary elements calcium, magnesium, sulfur:
   Although the content of calcium, magnesium and sulfur in plants is not as high as that of NPK, it is also necessary for plant growth and development, and if it is lacking, it will show deficiency.
   (1) The role of calcium (Ca): Calcium is a component of the cell wall, so calcium deficiency will affect cell division. If calcium silicate is a component of the intercellular layer, cell division cannot be performed normally when calcium is deficient, often making the top buds Necrosis, damage to the apex is more serious. Calcium is involved in protein synthesis; calcium is also an activator of some enzymes, such as ATP hydrolase and phospholipid hydrolase, which require calcium ions. Calcium has the effect of neutralizing organic acids and soil acidity in plants; it has physiological disorders caused by excessive resistance to certain ions, and thus affects the absorption of various elements. If the calcium content in the culture substrate is too high, it will affect potassium and magnesium ions. The absorption also antagonizes the absorption of iron and manganese.
   (2) The role of magnesium (Mg): Magnesium is a component of chlorophyll, which affects the synthesis of chlorophyll when magnesium is deficient, thus affecting light and action. Magnesium is an activator of various enzymes, affecting plant nucleic acid and protein synthesis and energy conversion.
   (3) The role of sulfur (S): Sulfur is absorbed and utilized by plants in the form of SO42-. SO2 in the atmosphere can also be directly absorbed and utilized as a sulfur source in the upper part of plants. Sulfur is involved in the formation of photo-amino acid, hemi-amino acid and methyl sulfide. A sulfur-containing amino acid such as a lysine is one of the constituent elements of a protein.
3 , trace elements:
   (1) Effect of iron (Fe): Iron is absorbed and utilized in the form of Fe2+ or Fe3+, which is a component of heme, which is a number of important oxidoreductases in plants (such as cytochrome, cytochrome oxidase, peroxidation). A prosthetic group such as a hydrogenase or a peroxidase). In the molecules of these enzymes, the reversible transformation of Fe3+ and Fe2+ states plays an important role in the electron transport of respiration. Some of the prosthetic groups of oxidoreductases (such as ferredoxin) are not heme. But it also contains iron, which is called non-heme iron. Although iron is not a component of chlorophyll, the synthesis of chlorophyll requires iron.
   (2) Effect of boron (B): Boron in the soil is absorbed by plants in the form of BO32-. Boron can increase the activity of invertase, promote the transport of carbohydrates, and facilitate the transport of light and products from leaves to roots and stamens. Therefore, boron promotes root development. Boron has a significant effect on the development of flower organs, which is an important physiological function of boron. The effective amount of boron is very narrow, generally in the range of 0.06 to 2.8 ppm. In the production, the phenomenon of poisoning of large areas due to improper use of boron fertilizer has occurred. Therefore, caution should be taken when using boron fertilizer.
   (3) The role of copper (Cu): Copper is a trace element necessary for flowers. Copper is a component of ascorbate oxidase and polyphenol oxidase, and functions as a transfer point in redox. The chloroplast contains a copper-containing protein called plastid phthalocyanine, which plays an important role in the electron transport system. Copper is also involved in the nitrite reduction process. Copper is mainly absorbed by plants in the form of Cu+ and Cu2+.
   (4) The role of zinc (Zn): Zinc is directly involved in the synthesis of indole acetic acid, and the content of indole acetic acid in plants is decreased when zinc is deficient, resulting in a series of diseases. Zinc is also an activator for many enzymes, including lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and pyrimidine nucleotide dehydrogenase. Zinc is also involved in protein synthesis.
   (5) Effect of Manganese (Mn): Manganese is mainly absorbed by plants in the form of Mn2+, which is an activator of many enzymes, including malate dehydrogenase in the Krebs cycle, oxalyl succinate dehydrogenase, and participation in fatty acid synthesis. Many enzymes involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. Manganese is also an activator of nitrite reductase and hydroxylamine reductase, and manganese is contained in the prosthetic group of indoleacetic acid oxidase. Manganese is also directly involved in light and action, and plays an important role in the photolysis of water and the release of oxygen. Manganese plays an important role in the maintenance of chlorophyll structure. In the case of extreme manganese deficiency, the chloroplast layer structure of plants is destroyed.
   (6) Effect of chlorine: Chlorine is absorbed by plants in the form of Cl-. In plants, chlorine does not participate in the structure of any organic molecule. The main role of chlorine is to participate in the photolysis and release of water and the release of oxygen. Plants are chlorine-free crops, and care should be taken to prevent chlorine poisoning when using them. When the chlorine content is high, it can promote the production of ethylene in plants and accelerate the process of aging.
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