How many people are suffering from "naked inspection" without wearing protective clothing and taking X-rays to induce cancer?

In April this year, Chen Shaohua, a member of the Guangzhou Municipal CPPCC Committee, made the term “naked inspection” cause widespread concern in the society. He said that most hospitals don't have any protective measures when they perform X-rays on patients. According to research conducted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, about 350 people in a city with a population of about 10,000 people may be irritated by X-rays each year. Leukemia or other genetic diseases. Moreover, the Ministry of Health has stipulated that when doctors perform diagnostic treatment for patients, they should be shielded and protected against sensitive X-rays, but many hospitals have not implemented them.

More than two months later, the “Life Times” reporter once again visited a number of top-three hospitals in Beijing and found that the issue of “naked inspection” has still not been addressed and resolved. Many patients are also indifferent to this issue. On the contrary, many foreigners living in the country told reporters that foreign countries have very strict requirements on the protection of CTs, chests, etc. Because of the fear of radiation, they do not even dare to do x-ray examinations in China.

First-class hospital encounters "naked inspection"

On July 21, the reporter investigated a number of major hospitals in Beijing, including Tongren Hospital and Beijing Hospital. Their CT examination room and CT registration office lined up with long queues, and a large number of waiting people crowded the corridors. However, when a reporter asked one by one about multiple patients coming out of the examination room, only one patient in the Tongren Hospital stated that the doctor had given him protective clothing during the examination. In front of the X-ray examination room on the first floor of the inpatient department of the Beijing Hospital, a young woman pushed a senior man in a wheelchair to complete the inspection report. She told reporters that not only did the doctor not allow the patient to wear protective clothing, but she did not wear it as an accompanying person. However, before entering the examination room, she clearly saw that the propaganda posters on the outside wall stated that the paramedics should wear protective clothing.

In the investigation, the reporter found that the "naked inspection" phenomenon is more common, and medical personnel rarely provide protective clothing. Ms. Zhang had a medical examination at the medical center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. She said: "At the chest room, the doctor directly told me to stand in front of the instrument. I was worried that radiation was not good for the body. I volunteered to wear protective clothing and the doctor reluctantly took out a set from under the shelf and gave it to me. “There are only a few patients with protective consciousness like Ms. Zhang. In most cases, the doctor will not tell the patient the harm of radiation, and the patient himself is not aware of it. In the Tongren Hospital, a patient told reporters that he did not care. The X-rays were only taken occasionally and they ended quickly. There would be no problem.

Abuse leads to potential danger

In stark contrast to the “naked inspection” in China, even if foreigners take an X-ray film on their teeth, patients will be fully armed. This reporter has a profound experience with this reporter in Germany. Before the film was taken, the doctor introduced him to the X-ray radiation process in detail and personally helped the reporter to put on heavy lead protective clothing, covering the neck, chest, lower body, etc., and wearing a protective hood. Everything is ready for the doctor to press the shutter.

Li Kuncheng, director of the Beijing Medical Imaging Quality Control and Improvement Center and director of the Department of Radiology at Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, believes that the situation of inadequate protection is very common in China. The reason why foreign countries are doing well in this area is because there are fewer patients in the hospital. "Like CT, they will also have to do 20 patients a day. A domestic hospital will have to do at least one or two hundred a day. Although the country has relevant regulations, most hospitals are also equipped with protective clothing, but if every patient is It's too cumbersome and it's a waste of time. It's definitely not enough to check."

For the harm of X-rays, Oxford University and the British Cancer Research Center had a study that showed that there were 0.6% in the UK, 1.5% in Germany, and 3.2% of new cancer cases in Japan, caused by X-ray and CT examinations. It is more harmful to pregnant women and children, it will seriously damage the development of children's intelligence, but also lead to fetal malformations. However, Zhou Cheng, executive vice president of the China Medical Imaging Technology Research Association, deputy director of the Radiology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and director of the Beijing Hospital Radiology Department, pointed out that this is only a corollary and there is no convincing evidence in clinical practice. However, he also admitted that the potential risks of X-ray examination must exist, especially when it is abused. The Society of Radiology of the Chinese Medical Association has published a set of data: China has about 250 million annual X-ray examinations, but 20% of them have no clinical significance. CT abuse is more common, and individual hospitals even do not hesitate to lower prices to attract patients.

Do not take the initiative to request X-rays

According to the relevant regulations of the Ministry of Health, a continuously working radiologist shall receive less than 20 milliseconds (msv) of radiation in a year, and take an X-ray film of 0.02-0.03 msv ​​for CT. 6-8 msv. Fu Xiaoyuan, dean of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, chairman of the Radiology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Feng Xiaoyuan, director of radiology at Huashan Hospital, pointed out that the amount of radiation in routine inspections is within the scope of human safety. However, we should still try to do as little as possible. . In adult examinations, CT scans and other X-ray examinations are performed once a year. Repeated physical examination is not necessary. If you are looking for a doctor, you should decide whether or not to do an X-ray examination according to your condition. You should not take the initiative to ask for it. It can be asked whether other methods such as magnetic resonance imaging and B-mode ultrasound can achieve the same effect, and the method of selecting a small amount of radiation and guaranteeing the inspection effect can be selected as far as possible. He also reminded:

Before the inspection, we actively request radiation protection. If the patient actively asks if there is protective equipment, the hospital must provide it. Areas that are highly sensitive to X-rays, such as gonads and thyroid glands, should be protected.

If not necessary, do not enter the examination room. Don't go in when the red light of the examination room is on. Try not to accompany the patient to do X-ray examination. If it is really necessary, always wear protective clothing.

Pregnant women and children need to be vigilant. If not required, pregnant women between 8 and 15 weeks of pregnancy should refuse to undergo abdominal X-ray examination. Many mothers are eager to request CT after their children are injured, but they do not consider radiation problems. According to a study conducted by the American Radiation Medical Magazine, CT scans in children are not as effective as everyone thinks. Only 7% have detected intracranial injuries.