New developments and future trends in remanufacturing at home and abroad (2)

The resources for remanufacturing are as great as the environmental benefits. According to the US "Remanufacturing Industry Development Report", each new kilogram of new materials can save 5-9 kilograms of raw materials. The annual savings of 14 million tons of materials saved by remanufacturing worldwide can fill 230,000 trains. The energy consumption of remanufactured products is only 15% of the production of new products. The world can save 16 million barrels of crude oil per year through remanufacturing, equivalent to the gasoline required for 6 million cars a year. According to the statistics of the Argonne National Key Laboratory, the energy consumption of a new car is six times that of remanufacturing. The energy consumption of a new car generator is seven times that of remanufacturing. It is 11 times more than remanufacturing. According to the statistics of Jinan Fuqiang Remanufacturing Company, the first pilot enterprise of circular economy in China's remanufacturing field, if 50,000 units of Steyr engines are remanufactured each year, it can save 38.25 million tons of metal and recover the added value of 1.615 billion. Yuan, saving 72.5 million kWh, achieving profits and taxes of 145 million yuan, reducing CO2 emissions by 3,000 tons [4].

Remanufacturing with Chinese characteristics comes from maintenance and is an advanced stage of maintenance development. At the same time, remanufacturing is an integral part of advanced manufacturing and belongs to green manufacturing. However, remanufacturing is clearly different from maintenance and manufacturing, with its own independent discipline. The quality of the repaired product is lower than the new one. To ensure that the quality of the remanufactured product is higher than the new product, it must be produced according to the manufacturing standards. However, compared with manufacturing, there are more scientific and technical fundamental problems in remanufacturing that need to be solved independently: 1) The processing object is more demanding, and the object of manufacture is the new blank after casting and forging, turning and milling, heat treatment, and performance. Quality, single, and remanufactured objects are old blanks, that is, scrapped shaped parts, there are a series of defects such as dimensional tolerance, residual stress, internal cracks and surface deformation; 2) pre-treatment is more cumbersome, the manufactured blank is basic Clean, rarely require pre-treatment, and remanufactured blanks must remove oil, scale, rust and hardened layers; 3) quality control is more difficult, quality control of the manufacturing process has matured, and life prediction and quality of remanufactured blanks Control, it is very difficult due to the complexity and particularity of blank damage; 4) The process standard is more strict, the manufacturing process is very standardized, and the dimensional deformation and surface damage degree of the used parts in the remanufacturing process are different, and must be adopted higher. Technical standard processing technology.

The above-mentioned special basic theories and engineering requirements have spawned a new discipline in remanufacturing engineering. In recent years, China has vigorously promoted the development of the remanufacturing discipline, and established a national key laboratory specializing in remanufacturing research--the National Defense Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Equipment Remanufacturing Technology. The development of the discipline has also strongly promoted the development of national policies. In January 2009, the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Circular Economy came into force. The law described remanufacturing six times in Articles 2, 40 and 56, marking the re-manufacturing of entering national laws.

3. The latest development of remanufacturing at home and abroad

3.1 The latest developments in foreign countries

Remanufacturing has formed a huge industry in developed countries in Europe and America.

In 2005, the global manufacturing industry's output value has exceeded 100 billion US dollars. The US's remanufacturing industry has the largest scale, reaching 75 billion US dollars, of which automotive and engineering machinery remanufacturing accounts for more than 2/3, about 50 billion US dollars.

The US military attaches great importance to remanufacturing. The "2010 National Defense Manufacturing Industry Committee", which is affiliated with the US National Scientific Research Council, has developed a framework for 2010 defense industry manufacturing technology, and re-manufacturing weapons systems as an important research area of ​​the defense industry.

The US military is also the biggest beneficiary of remanufacturing. The US Air Force B-52 strategic bomber, produced in 1962, remanufactured twice in 1980 and 1996, has an average natural life of 13,000 flight hours in 1997, and can be serviced until 2030. In 2005, the US Air Force completed 269 aircraft. Remanufacturing of the Pach helicopter will complete 750 remanufacturing by 2015. The re-manufactured Apache helicopter became the most powerful type of combat aircraft in the US military. In addition, the US military also completed the remanufacturing of the CH-47 slave transport helicopter, the M1A1 tank, the Bradley armored vehicle, the AV-8B åž‚ç›´ vertical take-off and landing aircraft, and the "militia" type III intercontinental missile. Through remanufacturing, on the one hand, the US military revived a large number of equipment that was on the verge of retirement, and maintained the readiness of weapons and equipment at a very low cost; on the other hand, it greatly improved the tactical technical performance of existing weapons and equipment, and also advanced technology. Provides a very rare opportunity for application and testing [5].

In recent years, Japan has strengthened the remanufacturing of construction machinery. By 2008, 58% of the remanufactured construction machinery was used by Japanese domestic users, 34% were exported to foreign countries, and the remaining 8% were dismantled and sold as accessories. By 2004, Volkswagen had remanufactured 7.48 million automotive engines and 2.4 million transmissions. The company's remanufactured engines and their accessories and new machines reached 9:1.

Remanufacturing in Europe and the United States, in terms of remanufacturing design, mainly combining specific products, focusing on important design elements in the remanufacturing process such as disassembly performance, material type of parts, design structure and fastening method; For mechanical products, the size of parts is mainly restored by the repair method and the size repair method. For example, the British ListerPetter remanufacturing company remanufactures more than 3,000 used engines for the British and American military every year. Key parts such as over-sized cylinder liners and camshafts are replaced with new ones and are not repaired. For electronic products, the connotation of remanufacturing is the direct reuse of components that still have value in use. For example, the remanufacturing of flat panel displays by the Berlin University of Technology [6] is to disassemble key components such as LCD, PCB, and CCFL, and then re-use them after passing the test; ReMobile, Germany [ 7] Remanufacturing of mobile phones is also dismantled, retested and reused. In addition, remanufacturing of digital cameras (Kodak, Japan), printer cartridges (Xerox, USA), brand computers (HP), etc. They are all based on recycling.

UCFC Series Bearing

Fc 207 Bearing description

Fc 207 Bearing,the most commonly used type of mounted units, are designed to provide shaft support where the mounting surface is parallel to the shaft axis. The bolt holes are usually slotted for adjustment during mounting. Pillow blocks are supplied in a variety of configurations. Pressed steel pillow block bearings are also available for light-duty applications.

Fc 207 Bearing specification

Products Name	High Quality Pillow Fc 207 Bearing
Brand Name	FCS,NSK,NTN,NACHI,Koyo
Material	Stainless steel.Gcr15.carbon steel
Sealing	Open, Z, ZZ, RZ,2RZ,RS, 2RS
Quality Standard	ISO9001
Service	OEM service
Delivery Date	Within1-3 days after payments
Payment terms	A: 30% T/T in advance .70% against copy of B/L B: 30% T/T in advance .70% L/C C:Western union D:Paypal E:Money Gram
Applications	Auto, tractor ,machine tool, electric machine, water pump, agricultural machinery and textile machinery
steel Ball Bearing	1.plastic bag +box+carton 2.according to your requirements
Special Properties	1. High precision 2. Low noise 3.long life 4. Can be customized according to your needs 5. Can provide small & miniature standard and non-standard ball bearings.

Fc 207 Bearing Type:UCT, UCF, UCFC, UCFL,UCP,UCP,UCP.UCFL.UCPA.UCLP.UCPW.UCPX.UCFS.SAFT series are avaIlable

Fc 207 Bearing size chart

MODEL NO.	LENGTH(MM)	WIDTH(MM)	HEIGHT(MM)	WEIGHT(KG)
UCFC201	90	90	19	0.64
UCFC202	90	90	19	0.6
UCFC203	90	90	19	0.58
UCFC204	100	100	20.5	0.75
UCFC205	115	115	21	1
UCFC206	125	125	23	1.3
UCFC207	135	135	26	1.75
UCFC208	145	145	26	2
UCFC209	160	160	26	2.5
UCFC210	165	165	28	2.95
UCFC211	185	185	30	4
UCFC212	195	195	35	4.9
UCFC213	205	205	36	5.35
UCFC214	215	215	38	6.9
UCFC215	220	220	39	7.5
UCFC216	240	240	42	8.7
UCFC217	250	250	45	10.3
UCFC218	265	265	50	13.5

Ucfc Pillow Block Bearing,Pillow Fc Bearing,Ucfc Flanged Ball Bearing,Fc Pillow Block Bearing

Shijiazhuang Longshu Mechanical & Electrical Equipment Trading Co., Ltd. , https://www.longsbearing.com