An international research team discovered the new behavior of the plasma on two-dimensional materials such as graphene. The researchers said that this helps to develop new ways to manipulate the electromagnetic system and measure the manipulation results.

According to the official website of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the team found that when these plasmas move on the edge of the "ribbon," a two-dimensional material with a width of about 50 nanometers, they will split into two paths and travel in the opposite direction. They are like two-way roads on the highway and do not require strong magnetic fields or other unique conditions. This study was published in the journal Physical Review B.

Other teams have previously observed the separation behavior of this plasma stream, but their experiment requires a strong magnetic field. The latest research only requires the optical effect of circularly polarized light.

This research is mainly based on the unique nature of two-dimensional materials - energy band gap, which is essential for transistors or solar cells. Although research in this area has been hot in recent years, the behavioral characteristics of surface plasmons have not been thoroughly explored.

In the latest study, the researchers found that circularly polarized light causes the electrons on the edges of the graphene ribbon to converge into two lines in the electron energy band structure, and the plasma on the surface moves in the opposite direction, thus forming a Artificial magnetic field. This magnetic field can be measured by the second polarized beam. Because the propagation of a polarized light beam can be detected, its change in the degree of polarization provides a direct tool for measuring the plasma on a two-dimensional material surface.

"This is very exciting," explained researcher Nicolas X., an associate professor of mechanical engineering at MIT, who explained that this means a new type of manipulating this type of electromagnetic system and measuring the results of this manipulation. method.

According to Fang, new discoveries may bring new optoelectronic devices. For example, some photonics experimental systems require a device called an optical frequency isolator, whose role is to accurately prevent light from reflecting back to the light source to avoid interference with the experiment. However, this type of isolator requires a very strong magnetic field, so it is very bulky and restricts its application. Fang believes that with this new idea, this bulky optical-frequency isolator may be replaced by a single layer of two-dimensional material. (Reporter Liu Yuanyuan)

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