1. Problems with fertilization and principles of fertilization

In view of the problems of insufficient application of organic fertilizer and potash fertilizer in potato production in autumn and winter in the south, the following fertilization principles are proposed:

(1) Optimize the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer according to soil fertility conditions;

(2) Adding organic fertilizer, promoting organic and inorganic application and straw mulching; avoiding organic fertilizer that is not fully decomposed;

(3) Appropriate application of potassium fertilizer based on soil potassium status;

(4) The distribution of fertilizers is based on base and chasing, and the topdressing is mainly based on nitrogen and potassium;

(5) Fertilizer application should be combined with high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques.

2. Fertilization amount and method

(1) The production level is 3000 kg/mu or more: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 11 to 14 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 5 to 6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer (K2O) 14 to 18 kg/mu.

(2) The production level is 2000-3000 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 9-11 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 4-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer (K2O) 12-14 kg/mu.

(3) The production level is 1500~2000 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 7~9 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 3~4 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 9~12 kg/mu.

(4) The production level is below 1500 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 6-7 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 3~4 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer (K2O) 7-8 kg/mu. Apply 2~3 square meters of organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer; if organic fertilizer is applied to the base fertilizer, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer as appropriate. For soils deficient in boron or zinc, borax may be applied at 1 kg/mu or zinc sulfate 1

~ 2 kg / mu. For areas with sulfur deficiency, sulfur can be applied at a rate of 2 kg/mu. If other sulfur-containing fertilizers are used, the amount of sulfur can be reduced. 40-50% of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are used as base fertilizers, 50-60% are used as top dressings, and all of phosphate fertilizers are used as base fertilizers. For areas with large rainfall during the growing season of potato and soils with soil texture, the potassium fertilizer should be applied in several stages.

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