You have seen bloody rubies, clear blue sapphires, and crystal emeralds. Have you ever seen titanium gems? Let's listen to Shanghai Optical Machinery's interpretation of the scientific mystery behind titanium gemstones. Gemstones, gorgeous and elegant, are an excellent decoration to complement the beauty of women. However, titanium gem not only has a beautiful appearance, but also contains extraordinary connotations. State heavy equipment-"irreplaceable" titanium sapphire crystal Ultra-strong and ultra-short lasers with laser pulse peak power reaching beat watts (1015W) and pulse widths reaching tens of femtoseconds (10-15s) are the brightest light sources known to mankind and can create unprecedented comprehensive extreme physics Conditions are one of the major frontier areas of international scientific and technological competition. Titanium sapphire laser crystal is one of the core key materials for generating beat-level high-power pulsed laser. It plays the role of "charging treasure" in the superpower of Shanghai-SULF The laser energy is gradually increased and amplified. The larger the diameter of the titanium sapphire crystal, the more energy absorbed, the higher the laser output power. Crystal Growth-Titanium Gemstone Crystal Titanium gemstones are very different from natural mineral gemstones. They cannot be mined in nature, and can only be artificially prepared in the laboratory by simulating the environment formed by natural gemstones, called "crystal growth." The Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences independently developed the first domestic crystal growth equipment by the heat exchange method, and used the equipment to grow large-sized titanium sapphire crystals based on the principle of the heat exchange method. Put the seed crystal and raw materials in the furnace crucible container, and heat to melt the raw materials. Refrigerant gas-helium gas is introduced through the high-temperature heat-resistant heat-exchanging rod standing at the outer bottom of the crucible. The flowing helium gas exchanges heat with the melt in the crucible, so the melt begins to crystallize from the bottom. By increasing the flow rate of helium gas, the complete crystallization of the melt from the bottom to the top is gradually achieved, and finally a titanium sapphire crystal blank is formed. The blanks can be obtained with different sizes of titanium sapphire crystal elements through cutting, grinding and polishing processes. Every time the size of the titanium sapphire crystal increases, the difficulty of crystal growth will increase a lot. How to avoid the cracking of the crystal blank is one of the key technical problems of the growth of large-size titanium sapphire crystals. After four years of trial and error, the R & D team of the titanium sapphire laser crystal at the Shanghai Institute of Optics, Chinese Academy of Sciences finally perfected the crystal growth process technology, realized the real-time monitoring and adjustment of key parameters, and overcome key technical problems such as growth cracking of large-size crystals. The large-scale titanium sapphire crystal growth process technology has been successfully prepared, the largest titanium sapphire laser crystal element in the world, with a diameter of 235mm and a height of 72mm, and is used in the national large scientific device-Shanghai Super Strong Ultra Short Laser Experimental Device (SULF), the first in the world to achieve a laser amplified output with a peak power of 10.3 beat watts. In addition, titanium sapphire crystals can also play a role in lasers with continuously tuned optical wavelengths. Dazzling, it can also be made into jewelry and jewelry, which will add luster to our lives!
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