As a hot technology in various industries, the development momentum of 3D printing is undoubtedly more and more rapid. So, what new trends will be presented in this year in 3D related fields including metamaterials, electronic components, quality inspection, aerospace applications, corporate ecosystems and plastics? 1. Metamaterial The EU has proposed to support biomaterials, superconducting materials, new magnetic materials, high-performance metal alloys, amorphous metals, composite high-temperature ceramic materials, metal-organic frameworks, nano-particles and nano-fiber materials in its roadmap for additive production. . The goal of the additive manufacturing materials material focus area developed by AmericaMakes is to establish a system of material knowledge to establish benchmark characterization data for additive manufacturing materials, including creating a paradigm shift and “building†the microstructure from controlling process parameters. Rather than controlling the underlying physics microscale to achieve a consistent repeatable microstructure, "design" material properties. Based on the guidance of the National Additive Manufacturing Industry Development Promotion Plan (2015-2016), China has carried out research and design on the characteristics of special materials for additive manufacturing in universities and research institutions. The author believes that in the field of additive manufacturing, China is engaged in more basic and application-level construction, and Europe is exploring the frontier areas. The United States is trying to create a common system through its best data analysis and software capabilities. Of course, there is still a lot of common work in which all countries are actively deploying, including the necessary strategic areas of superalloys. On the basis of basic material construction, programming materials have become the strategic commanding height of the next preemption. Metamaterial refers to the material's design exhibiting unusual characteristics and is an artificial composite structure or composite material with extraordinary physical properties not found in natural materials. The "supermaterials" developed to date include: "left hand materials", "photonic crystals", "supermagnetic materials" and the like. Harvard researchers have attempted to switch between geometry and several functions by creating a basic design framework software that does not limit print size, from meters to nanoscale applications, from shock absorbing building materials to photonic crystals. Metamaterial structure. In the field of metamaterials, China Southeast University, the People's Liberation Army Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Beijing Jiaotong University and many other studies. As Harvard's software solves basic modeling problems, metamaterials or "infiltration" into special materials with 3D printing make metamaterials a common material. 2, electronic structural parts The electrical interconnection technology in the manufacture of electronic products has been gradually developed into a period of development marked by surface-mounting technology, micro-assembly technology, three-dimensional assembly technology, high-density assembly technology, etc., and has gradually entered into interconnection with photoelectric interconnection, green assembly, and structural functional components. Technologies such as multi-media complex component interconnection are marking the development of new technologies. To ensure the electrical interconnection quality and efficiency of various new circuit components/modules, the electronics industry has demanded new processes and methods that are compatible with these requirements. The technical characteristics of 3D printing, such as rapid manufacturing process and unconstrained structural complexity, are especially suitable for single-piece, multi-variety and small-volume development of electronic products, as well as the development of structural electronic products that are difficult to realize by conventional manufacturing methods. In the field of structural electronic product manufacturing, Optomec Corporation of the United States has been applied to the production of small-volume products through aerosol-jet 3D printing technology. The use of this technology for 3D-printed curved conformal antennas or direct printing of AR electronic devices on glasses is one of them. A representative application. A large number of high-tech companies are active in this field, including Harvard University startup Voxel8, Optomec invested by GE and Autodesk, MIT MultiFab, CC3D, NanoDimension and more. In China, Xi'an Jiaotong University realizes the arbitrary arrangement of three-dimensional space of structural electronic products through a 3D printing technology in which the wires are printed synchronously with the substrate. 3. Finer quality inspection The generation and expansion of certain defects during the preparation and use of 3D printed products is almost inevitable. During the melting of the metal, each laser spot creates a micro-melting pool, from the melting of the powder to the cooling to a solid structure. The size of the spot and the amount of heat generated by the power determine the size of the micro-melting pool, thus affecting the parts. Microcrystalline structure. The complexity of metal additive manufacturing can be divided into five levels: 1 simple parts, 2 optimized parts, 3 parts with embedded design, 4 parts designed for additive manufacturing, 5 complex cell structure parts . For the detection of complex 3D printing products, foreign research institutes and companies such as GE began to use X-ray micro-CT (X-ray MicroCT) as a detection method, and this trend will be strengthened in 2017. 4, 3D printing dominates the space At the beginning of the 2017 New Year, the method of manufacturing a strain sensor on a turbine component is disclosed in GE's approved patent on January 17. Subsequently, GE was granted another patent on January 24th, including the manufacturing technology of the fuel injector body and cooling system. If 3D printing is becoming more and more important in the aviation field, then in the aerospace field, 3D printing technology has become a "pillar". NASA believes that 3D printing has great potential in the manufacture of liquid hydrogen rocket engines. NASA's AMDE-AdditiveManufacturingDemonstratorEngine Additive Manufacturing Verification Project has produced more than 100 parts by adding materials and designed one that can be completed by 3D printing within three years. The prototype of the engine, while through 3D printing, the number of parts can be reduced by 80%, and only 30 welding is required. 5. The internal ecosystem of the enterprise GE itself is a downstream application company for 3D printing. After the acquisition of Arcam, ConceptLaser, GE became a member of its upstream 3D printing equipment manufacturer and proposed to increase the speed of 3D printing in two to three years, in the longer term. Within, GE hopes to reach 100 times the current speed. Through the application development needs of GE's downstream business units, we continue to feed back the research and development of GE's upstream equipment. Whether it is in terms of capital or know-how, the acquired equipment brands have acquired advantages that are difficult for other companies to obtain. Coincidentally, Michelin also announced that its metal printing technology in cooperation with Fives will be used for better tire mold production. Alcoa also announced that it will set up a separate company, Arconic, from powder to print services. Arconic can provide users with professional services from aerospace technology to metal powder production to product certification. Relying on Alcoa's technical strength, Arconic will become a strong and powerful brand in traditional metal manufacturing technology and 3D printing. Another company, GKN, revolves around a strong aerospace business and power vehicle business map. GKN has created three centers of excellence in additive manufacturing: GKN Cincinnati Additive Manufacturing Excellence Center, GKN Sweden Trollh?tten Additive Manufacturing Excellence Center, GKN Filton Additive Manufacturing Excellence Center, UK. The internal ecosystem of the enterprise will become a major trend of 3D printing, and the competition for 3D printing will be upgraded to the full-scale competition of R&D, marketing, industry chain and business model. 6, metal properties of plastic Plastics are becoming more engineered, and Evonik recently introduced VESTOSINT3DZ2773, the first new plastic powder developed using HP's multi-jet fusion 3D printer. The new PA-12 powder has excellent mechanical properties and is approved by the US FDA (Food and Drug Administration) standards, so components made from this material can be used for food contact. Solvay aims to replace some metals with plastics with its advanced lightweight solutions. Solvay first set up a technology center in Lyon, France to research and produce SinterlineTechnyl, and opened a new laboratory for the production of advanced materials in Alpharetta, Georgia, USA. CRPTechnology in Italy, around the polyamide material, CRPTechnology's nylon reinforcement is unique, Windform glass fiber reinforced polyamide material, has good tensile strength, can also be CNC machined, and is also a non-conductive material. Oxford Performance Materials (OPM) has been selected to provide 3D printed structural parts for the Boeing CST-100 rocket ship. OPM has begun shipping OXFAB material printed parts, opening up a new high-performance plastic material instead of lightweight metal. Chapter. Victrex is leading an alliance of companies and organizations dedicated to 3D printing (additive manufacturing or AM) innovation. As part of its key role, Victrex will develop new grades of high performance polyaryletherketone (PAEK) polymers based on a new chemical formulation designed specifically for additive manufacturing processes. The transition from metals to high-performance materials is currently an established trend in the aerospace market, and plastics are becoming a solution for design freedom, ease of manufacture and lightness to go beyond traditional aluminum, a trend that will be strengthened in 2017.
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