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The faucet is the switch of the indoor water source and is responsible for controlling and regulating the flow of water. It is an essential material for every family. At present, there are a wide variety of taps on the market. For the general public, professional knowledge is often lacking. Therefore, when choosing a faucet, you will find it at a loss. In fact, bathroom faucets, despite their variety, style, style, and variety, are easily divided from two aspects.
First, from the use of function points, there are generally three kinds of bathroom faucet, basin faucet, kitchen faucet, generally have a unified style and form.
Bathroom faucets are divided into bath faucets and shower faucets:
Bathtub faucet: It is mounted on the side of the bathtub and is used to open hot and cold water. Can be connected to hot and cold two pipes called double-type; open and close the flow of the structure of the spiral lift, metal ball valve, ceramic valve type and so on. The current market is more ceramic valve type single handle bathtub faucet. It uses a single handle to adjust the water temperature, easy to use; ceramic valve core makes the faucet more durable and watertight. Bathtub faucet body made of brass, appearance of chrome, gold and various types of metal baking paint.
Shower faucet: It is installed above the shower room and is used to open hot and cold mixing water. The valve body is also made of brass, with chrome plating and gold plating on the outside. The methods of opening and closing the water flow include screw lifting and ceramic valve cores. Shower faucets are divided into hose showers and wall-mounted shower heads; thermostatic taps with special functions, taps with filter devices and taps with pull-out hoses, etc., which have different requirements during installation.
Basin faucet: It is mounted on a wash basin for cold water, hot water or hot and cold water. Its structure is: screw lift type, metal ball valve type, ceramic valve type and so on. The valve body is made of brass, with chrome plating, gold plating and various colors of metal baking paint on the outside. The shapes are various. The handles are single handle type and double handle type. Some basin faucets are equipped with drooping pull rods, which can be used to directly open and open the water inlets of the wash basins to eliminate sewage.
Multi-function kitchen faucet: If your kitchen has hot water lines, this faucet should also be double-coupled. With the exception of kitchen faucets, the water outlets are higher and longer, and some hose designs are also available for washing food.
Second, from the structural point of view, there are generally three major categories:
Single-handle type, this kind of faucet adopts the ceramic poppet that is more popular at present as the sealing member, its advantage is that the switch is flexible, the temperature is adjusted simply, the service life is long, the price is in 1,300 yuan? About 1800 yuan.
With 90 ° switch, but also with a ceramic chip seal, on the basis of the traditional double handle, change the original rubber seal for the ceramic seal, open and close the handle 90 degrees rotation can be divided into hot and cold water on both sides Adjustment, its characteristics are easy to open, styles are more, the price between 700 yuan ~ 900 yuan.
The traditional spiral-rising rubber-sealed faucet, due to its large amount of water, the price is relatively low, generally 400 yuan? About 500 yuan, and easy maintenance, still welcomed by some citizens.
In addition, some imported faucets have also used stainless steel hollow ball seals and stem seals, but also full temperature control, but the prices are more expensive.
b. The flush valve is the most important accessory for the toilet. There are three kinds of copper, plastic and plastic, and plastic. The family mainly uses plastic.
c. The shower head is one of the essential fittings in the bathing equipment. It is mainly made of stainless steel as raw materials. There are two kinds of fixed and movable type. The movable type is made of stainless steel serpentine pipe and can be connected within a certain range. It is very suitable for families to use daily, so the average family more than install movable shower heads, and install the shower head shower hanging on the wall.
Choose a sanitary ware to pay attention to its ceramic quality. The high-quality sanitary ware is glazed and clean, with no pinholes, bubbles, glazing, uneven gloss, etc.; hand-tapped ceramic sounds are crisp. Bad quality sanitary ware often has trachoma, air bubbles, and lack of glaze, and even slight distortion. The sound produced when striking is more boring.
Second, new water faucet introduction:
1, automatic charging sensor faucet
Japan's INAX Corporation recently invented an automatic charging sensor faucet that can use water to solve its own required electrical energy.
This faucet contains a computer board and a hydro generator with infrared sensors to form a complete system. Putting his hand under the faucet, the sensor sends the signal to the computer in the faucet and turns on the water. When the water flows, it is generated and charged by the hydro-generator and provides its own power. This faucet can also automatically limit the flow of water to save water and save electricity.
2, smart magnetic tap
The faucet has the same appearance as an ordinary commercial faucet, but it is versatile. Its characteristics:
a. When the water supply network is turned off, the faucet is automatically turned off when the faucet is turned on or is being turned on. There will be no running water phenomenon caused by forgetting to turn off the faucet;
b. Mechanically, without energy or power;
c. Magnetized water function;
d, the manufacturing process is simple, mainly based on casting.
3, outside the control of automatic tap
When the hand reaches under the faucet, the faucet will automatically open. When the hand is left, the faucet will automatically close. It is very suitable for public toilets and other places. It is easy to use and sanitary, and it will not cause the phenomenon of running, leaking or dripping, and the production and installation are extremely easy. The automatic device mainly adopts LS-2 type infrared sensor switch, which is a kind of reflective sensor switch module that integrates infrared emission circuit, receiving circuit and drive circuit. It is encapsulated by epoxy resin and its external dimensions are 10×38×. 57mm, this module has 10 pins, each pin functions as follows:
V + - positive power supply, 4-6V (DC), current 2-4mA;
V--- negative power supply;
J---infrared receiver negative electrode;
J+--infrared receiver cathode;
V---infrared emission tube cathode;
F+--infrared emitting cathode;
L1--monostable output terminal 1, when the circuit senses a signal, this terminal outputs high level for 1 second;
L2--monostable output 2 end, when the inductive signal disappears, this end outputs 1 second high;
R--Limit current limiting resistor
P, NC is empty;
The so-called reflective sensor switch, refers to the LS-2 module itself emits a beam of infrared light, if there is an object in the range of the light block the light, and the light is reflected back to the module, when the reflected infrared light intensity is sufficient, receive The signal will be delayed, recognized, etc. and driven by the monostable output L1 to output high level (up to V+ value) for 1 second and then back to zero (V-value); when the object leaves, no reflected light enters On the receiving side, the circuit-driven monostable output L2 outputs a high level (up to V+ value) for 1 second and then returns to zero (V-value).
Third, the circuit works:
Infrared emission tube PH303 emits a beam of infrared light in the direction of the water flow. When the hand reaches the water faucet, the infrared beam is reflected back to the LS-2 module. The infrared receiver PH302 receives the infrared light and sends the signal to the LS-2. The internal circuit, after being processed by the internal circuit, outputs a high level for 1 second from the L1 terminal. This level triggers the conduction of the unidirectional thyristor VT1. After 1 second, L1 returns to zero. Because the unidirectional thyristor has a memory function, The conduction state is still maintained, the relay J is closed, its contact j is closed, the power of the electromagnetic faucet is turned on, and the faucet opens; when the hand leaves the faucet, the infrared beam is no longer reflected, L2 outputs a high level for 1 second, and VT2 conducts Pass, make VT1 lose the voltage that maintains its conduction and cut off, VT2 cuts off after 1 second, VT1 has been shut off at this moment, the contact j of the relay is released, the power of the electromagnetic faucet is closed, the water supply of the faucet stops.
Fourth, the selection and installation of components:
C2 chooses CJ10-400V type metal film capacitor, can also be replaced by polyester capacitor with voltage ≥ 400V; DW is 6V Zener diode, J is available JRF-13F type CD/6V contact 220V small relay, VT2 selects 9013 or 3DG12 type Power silicon transistor, current limiting resistor R range of 1Ω-510Ω, the corresponding reflection distance of 4cm to 1m, the smaller the resistance, the longer the reflection distance, according to the actual situation to determine.
A pipe in PH302 and PH303 should be added to the tube to prevent self-induction; the circuit and the electromagnetic faucet can be placed together in a waterproof case. Only the infrared emission, receiving port and water outlet are exposed. Infrared emission The direction should be vertical downwards; the value of R should be carefully adjusted during commissioning so that when the hand reaches under the faucet, water will rush out, and the water will be interrupted when the hand leaves the faucet. In the blister, only the infrared emission, receiving port and water outlet are exposed. The direction of infrared emission should be vertical downwards. The value of R should be carefully adjusted during debugging so that when the hand reaches under the faucet, water rushes out. When the hand leaves the faucet, water supply is interrupted. You can.
Fifth, the selection of faucets
Configuration, optional faucet can generally start from the following aspects
1. Use functional and structural features. At present, there is a wide variety of faucets on the market that are suitable for home use. However, no matter how many species there are, it can be roughly divided from two aspects. As far as the function is concerned, it can be divided into three types: bathtub faucet, basin faucet, and kitchen faucet. Through different personal preferences, the ideal and effect can be achieved. According to the structural characteristics, it can be divided into ceramic valve core single-handle spout, and 90 degree switch nozzle and spiral lifting type rubber nozzle.
The first two types of products are based on the special processing of industrial ceramics to open and close the water source. The latter products have been gradually phased out in the current market. The key is that the first two products have the advantages of convenient operation and flexibility and are the most popular in the existing product structure. At the same time, in the imported products, there are also products that have been set to automatically adjust the temperature, and products that have light or infrared control to turn the water on and off.
2. The nozzle surface and its coating options. Previously, it has been introduced that the current spout products have many surface coating types, and the focus of the selection is based on the individual preferences and requirements of consumers and the overall decoration of the interior. Consumers are advised to choose products that are more mature in the processing technology, namely the bright chrome that is more commonly used today, that is, what we commonly call 'Crome'. Its technology has accumulated over decades of experience and its quality is relatively reliable.
3. Identification of the water spout quality.
(1) When turning or pulling the handle, it should be light and flexible without any sense of sticking. The tap with stick resistance generally has more or less quality problems, or is improperly assembled or improperly adjusted. Some may even be Made from poor quality parts.
(2) Under normal circumstances, the faucet cannot identify whether there is leakage before it is connected to the water source, but basically it can achieve its purpose by checking whether there is any looseness in each connection part. Because this loosening may be the direct cause of leaking water nozzle.
(3) People generally do not like the kind of products that have obvious flaws on their surfaces. The water nozzle is no exception. Therefore, attention should be paid to the surface of the faucet for any burr, an ignition point, or non-plating formed on some parts due to poor plating quality, or whether there are holes or spots formed due to poor casting quality.
(4) In order to protect their reputation, most companies will mark their products and their packaging with clear and reliable labels. However, some companies with poor reputation or doubts cannot and do not want to place clear and reliable labels on their products and related packaging. Users are advised not to buy such products, even if they are very cheap.
4. The price position.
In the group with relatively reasonable product prices: the price for a three-piece set with a single-handle mixing faucet is about RMB 1200-1800; the price for a three-piece set with a 90-degree mixing faucet is about RMB 600-1000. Yuan; and the three-piece price of the spiral-rising rubber seal taps is approximately RMB 400-500. The actual purchase should be easy to use, reliable performance as the key. It should be said that the prices of the above three domestic products are generally affordable.
In short, reliable quality, good corporate reputation, after-sales service is the product of choice for consumers. The price of the product is not enough to reflect the actual situation. If there are some fake or inferior products, the price may be higher than normal products or only 60% or 70% of the normal products, or even lower. Under normal circumstances, for the users and the enterprises responsible for their own credibility, their technical indicators of the product can meet or exceed the relevant standards. On the contrary, there may be a wide gap.
Sixth, the use of the faucet
After purchasing the Italian faucet, how to properly use and maintain it is a headache and headache for many users. In fact, the actual service life of the faucet can be extended for a long time as long as it is properly installed, used, and maintained, and it can always be bright as new.
installation:
Have experienced and qualified professionals perform the installation. When installing, the faucet should try not to bump with hard objects, do not leave cement, glue, etc. on the surface, so as not to damage the surface coating gloss. Pay attention to remove the debris from the pipe and install the faucet.
use:
1. During installation, various impurities in the pipeline should be completely removed. Spool damage, jamming, clogging, and leakage can be avoided. At the same time, the surface should be cleaned so that no building material remains.
2. It is not necessary to use too much force on the switch when using any type of spout product, just gently twist or toggle it. Even traditional taps do not need to be screwed to death. In particular, do not use the handle as a handrail to support or use it. The product with a screen cover at the outlet should be disassembled after a period of use to remove impurities. Products with hoses should be made so that the hoses are always kept in a natural stretch so that they do not break.
3. The showerhead metal hose of the bathtub faucet should be kept in a naturally stretched state, and should not be coiled on the faucet when not in use. At the same time, when using or not using, pay attention to the joint between the hose and the valve body not to form a dead angle, so as not to break or damage the hose.
4. The nozzles that are used for a short time may sometimes cause incomplete closure, leakage, loose handles, loose connections, etc. Under normal circumstances, consumers can solve their own problems.
5, occurs in the spiral lifting rubber nozzle is not completely closed, usually due to hard debris into the seal when you just remove the handle (hand wheel), unscrew the valve cover, valve core to remove impurities Install it as it is to restore normal use.
6, occurs in the ceramic valve plug sealing nozzle is not completely closed, you may scratch the hard surface debris or the spool is not enough preload. If it is the former, it can only be repaired by the Shuizui Factory after-sales service department or professional maintenance department. The latter problem only requires the user to remove the handle (hand wheel) and then tighten the valve core a little bit.
7. There are two reasons for the looseness of the handle (hand wheel): First, the handle (hand wheel) is not tightened due to carelessness during assembly, and only the fastening screw can be tightened. The second problem is that the handle (hand wheel) is poor in material selection, and it often occurs when zinc alloy handles (hand wheels) and valve plugs are prematurely oxidized and corroded, resulting in increased clearance. Generally, no remedial measures are available. Therefore, do not use zinc alloy handles (hand wheels) as much as possible.
8. If there is leakage at the connection point of the nozzle, it is usually caused by the unscrewed part of the assembly time, just tighten it. Sometimes, a water faucet is perfect in all aspects, but there are dripping feelings after closing. At this time, it depends on the length of time of the drip, whether the drip does not stop and the amount of water droplets. Longer drip times may sometimes last for 4 or 5 minutes, for a total of about a few drops. The amount of water dripping is equivalent to the residual water in the mouth of the nozzle after the water source is turned off. This is a normal phenomenon.
maintenance:
1. The surface of the spout should always be gently wiped with a soft cloth (without impurities). Do not use metal filaments or scouring pads with hard particles. In addition, must not hit with the hard object so as to damage the surface of the nozzle.
2. Use the following cleaners to remove thick masks and deposits: Mild liquid glass cleaner, clear liquid glass cleaner, acid-free, no-wear mild liquid or completely dissolved powder, no friction solution polish .
3, Do not use any abrasive cleaners, cloth or paper cloth; do not use any detergents, abrasives, or harsh cleaners that contain acids
4, in the case of water pressure not less than 0.02mpa (ie 0.2kgf/cm2), after using for a period of time, if the amount of water is found to reduce, or even water heaters turn off, you can in the faucet outlet Gently unscrew the screen cover to remove impurities, generally can be restored as ever.
