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1. Classification of paint
1) Classified by site. Paint is mainly divided into wall paint, wood paint and metal paint. Wall paint, including exterior paint, interior wall paint and top paint, mainly latex paint and other varieties; wood paint mainly lacquer, polyurethane paint, etc.; metal paint is mainly enamel paint.
2) Classified by status. Paint can be divided into water paint and oil paint. Latex paints are the main water-based paints, while nitryl paints and polyurethane paints are mostly oil paints.
3) Classified by function. Paints can be divided into waterproof paints, fireproof paints, anti-mold paints, anti-mosquito paints, and multifunctional paints with various functions.
4) According to the role of classification. Paint can be divided into volatile paint and non-volatile paint.
5) Classification by surface effect. Paint can be divided into clear paint, translucent paint and opaque paint.
2. The variety of paint
1) Wood lacquer.
(1) Nitro varnish. Nitro varnish is a kind of transparent paint made of nitrocellulose, alkyd resin, plasticizer and organic solvent. It is a kind of volatile paint, with quick drying and soft gloss. Nitro varnish is divided into light, semi-matt and matte, which can be selected according to the need. Nitro-lacquer also has its disadvantages: high wet weather is easy to whiten, low fullness, and low hardness.
(2) Hand sweep paint. Nitro lacquer is also a nitrocellulose paint. It is a non-transparent paint made of nitrocellulose, various synthetic resins, pigments and organic solvents. This paint is specially formulated for artificial construction and has a quick drying feature.
(3) Main auxiliaries for lacquer:
a. That day water. It is a colorless, transparent liquid with a banana odor that is made by mixing organic solvents such as esters, alcohols, benzene, and ketones. It mainly initiates the lacquer and curing of nitrocellulose.
b. White water. Also known as anti-white water, the scientific name is ethylene glycol monobutyl ether. In the wet weather construction, the film will have a whitening phenomenon. Adding 10%-15% of the diluent to the nitromagnetized white water can be eliminated.
(4) Polyester paint. It is a thick paint made of polyester resin as the main film forming material. The paint film of polyester paint is full and the layer is hard. Polyester paints also have varnish varieties called polyester varnish.
Polyester paints need to be cured during the construction process. The amount of these curing agents accounts for one-third of the total paint content. These hardeners are also called hardeners and their main component is TDI (toluene diisocyanate). These TDIs that are in a free state will turn yellow, which will not only make changes to the furniture, but will also cause yellowing of adjacent walls. This is a major drawback of polyester paints. A yellowing-resistant polyester paint has appeared on the market at present, but it can only achieve "yellowing resistance." It cannot yet be completely prevented. In addition, free TDI beyond the standard can also cause harm to humans. [See Section IV(3) of this chapter for details. ]
(5) Polyurethane paint. Polyurethane paint is polyurethane paint. Its film is tough, full gloss, strong adhesion, water resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, is widely used in advanced wood furniture, but also for the metal surface. The main disadvantages are the blistering of the tide and the chalkiness of the paint film; as with the polyester paint, there is also a problem of yellowing. The varnish type of polyurethane paint is called polyurethane varnish.
2) Interior wall paint. Interior wall paint is mainly divided into water-soluble paint and latex paint. General renovations use latex paint. Latex paints are emulsion paints. According to the different substrates, they are divided into polyester acid vinyl emulsion and acrylic emulsion. The latex paint is made of water as the diluent, which is a kind of lacquer that is easy to use, safe, washable, and has good air permeability. Different colors can be formulated according to different color schemes.
Latex paint consists mainly of water, pigments, emulsions, fillers and various additives. These raw materials are non-toxic and may contain mainly organic mercury in the film-forming agent ethylene glycol and fungicide.
At present, the so-called “latex paint†that contains a large amount of formaldehyde on the market is actually a water-soluble paint, not a latex paint. Some unscrupulous manufacturers use inferior water-soluble paints to fake latex paints. Therefore, choosing the right goods and maintaining ventilation is an effective way to prevent pollution.
3) Exterior wall paint. The basic performance of exterior latex paint is similar to that of interior latex paint. However, the paint film is harder and has stronger water resistance. Exterior latex paints are generally used on exterior walls and can also be used in high humidity areas such as toilets.
Of course, exterior latex paint can be used internally, but please don't try to use exterior latex paint for external use.
4) Fireproof paint. Fire-retardant paint is a kind of flame-retardant paint made of film-forming agent, flame retardant, foaming agent and other materials. Due to the heavy use of flammable materials such as wood and fabrics, fire protection is already a worthy issue.
3. The choice of paint
(1) Choose the appropriate paint according to your own needs. Can not blindly pursue a "premium", not to mention cheap to buy some inferior products.
(2) Try to buy in specialty stores or large stores, and pay attention to the advantages and disadvantages of its packaging.
(3) Don't rely on advertising data. What you need to care about is whether the product meets the national standard (GB).
Paint, customarily we call it paint. Whether it is high-level decoration or ordinary decoration, it will use paint. The first role of the paint is to protect the surface, and the second role is to modify the role. In terms of wood products, due to the porous structure on the surface of wood products, it is not resistant to dirt, and at the same time, the surface of the wood is multi-sectioned and unattractive. Paint can solve these problems at the same time. Here are the types, choices, and precautions for paint. Of course, due to the fact that there are too many types of paint, we only introduce the part that belongs to the decoration.