Common rail tools are specially for common rail injection system repair, it covers disassembly and assembly tools, measuring device, adaptors for different injectors, grinding machine, cleaning machine etc.
These tools meet different maintenance applications, are easy to use, and greatly improve maintenance efficiency.
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First, there are more elements required. According to the test and production verification, the necessary elements are 16 kinds of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine, such as one of them. Lack of or lack of it will affect normal physiological activities, and other elements can not be replaced, only the missing elements can be corrected, or it will lead to deficiency and cause physiological disorders.
Second, the amount of fertilizer needed is large. According to the test, for every 100 kilograms of fruit produced, 300 grams of pure nitrogen, 150 grams of pure phosphorus, 360 grams of pure potassium, plus the nutrients and loss required for root vines, shoots and leaves to grow, 667 square meters of high yield of 2000 kilograms For the 667 square meters per year, 12.5? 15.0 kg of pure nitrogen, 10.5 kg of pure phosphorus, and 10.0-15. 0 kg of pure potassium are required. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is approximately 10:5:12.
Third, the amount of potassium needed is large. The grape is a famous “potassic plantâ€. It needs a lot of potassium in the whole growth period, and its demand is the first in the three elements. If potassium is lacking or insufficient, leaves can not produce starch and fatty acids, nitrates increase, leaves are small and small, leaf margins are scorched, new shoots are reduced, fruit stems are browned, fruit atrophy or cracking, poor coloration, sugar low acid The quality is poor, and the plant is weak in resistance to cold and drought.
Fourth, the stages of growth and development are different in a year, and the required elements and quantities are different. From germination and flowering to the early stage of young fruit, nitrogen is most needed, accounting for 64.5% of the annual nitrogen requirement. Phosphorus absorption is gradually increased with the growth of branches and leaves, flowering fruit set and fruit enlargement, reaching the peak at the peak of growth of new shoots and the period of fruit enlargement. Although the absorption of potassium starts from the tip of the leaf, it takes most of the potassium from the fruit to the coloring period. In this period, if the potassium is insufficient, the color of the fruit is low and the acid is sour.
Second, the fertilization tomb point
(1) Base fertilizer is the basic fertilizer for the whole year of growth and development. It requires all elements to be complete, and the amount of fertilizer should be large (accounting for more than 50% of the annual fertilization amount). The concentration should be high and the proportion should be coordinated. Fertilizers are mainly manure, compost, soil, fertilizer, green manure and cake fertilizer, plus appropriate amount of chemical phosphate fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer applied, generally 667 square meters of 2000 kilograms of orchard, 2,500 kilograms per 667 square meters of fertilizer, 100-120 kilograms of superphosphate, 3-4 kilograms of borax. The second growth peak of the root system was best in the fertilization period from 9 to 10 months. The method was applied with a large ditch deep and wide 60 cm apart along the outer edge distribution area of ​​the root system.
(2) Topdressing young trees should be “diligently applied, less quantity and lessâ€, that is, from February to August, topdressing once a month, mainly in the early stage with nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium as the secondary, and potassium and phosphorus in the middle and late period. Nitrogen is supplemented. The big tree is topdressed 4 times a year, and the method is applied by ditch or hole. 1. Germination fertilizer Apply when the bud eye begins to expand. At this time, the buds rapidly form the second and third grade flower spikes and flower buds to continue the differentiation stage, and timely application of this fertilizer can effectively improve the quality of the flower buds, promote hair shoots and flowering neatly. Nitrogen is mainly used, 1600-2000 kg of manure and urine per 667 square meters of septic, or 25-30 kg of urea and 15-20 kg of superphosphate. 2, after the flower fertilizer after the Xiehua to the early expansion of young fruit. To meet the nutrients needed for the development of young fruit, reduce the size of the fruit, so that the fruit is large and uniform. Nitrogen is the main source, followed by phosphorus and potassium, that is, 50 to 60 kg per 667 square meters of urea, 20-30 kg of superphosphate, and 15 to 20 kg of potassium sulfate. 3. Pre-harvesting The fruit is applied when the fruit begins to color. Potassium is the main component, phosphorus is the second, and nitrogen is the least to enhance fruit coloration and increase sugar content. Each 667 square meters of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer 30 ~ 40 kg, or 10 kg of urea, 15 kg of superphosphate, 25-30 kg of potassium sulfate. 4. Post-harvest fertilizers After harvesting, it is especially important for early-maturing varieties. It is used to restore tree growth, promote photosynthesis, flower bud differentiation and root growth, and increase nutrient accumulation in trees. The type of fertilizer used and the amount of fertilizer applied are the same as those of pre-harvest fertilizer, but it is forbidden to apply too much nitrogen to avoid causing late growth.
(3) Top dressing is to add fertilizer to the required concentration of fertilizer in the growing season, spray it on leaves, vines, shoots and fruits to supplement nutrients, especially to supplement boron, magnesium, zinc, Trace elements such as iron have the best effect. Its concentration, borax, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300?? 350 times, urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium nitrate 250-300 times, superphosphate calcium leaching solution 100 times, grass ash leaching solution 40-50 times, zinc sulfate 500-600 times , magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate 1500-2000 times.
Agricultural College of Yunnan Agricultural University Zhang Xingwang (650201)
First, the characteristics of fertilizer needs Although the grape is a vine fruit tree, but the root system is developed, the vine leaves are large, the polarity is strong, the growth is strong, the fruit is high in yield and long in life. It requires fertilizer characteristics,
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