Five points of management of apple trees in midsummer

August is the peak period of flower bud differentiation and rapid expansion of apple trees. It is also the peak period of occurrence and development of pests and diseases. The tree management in this period is very important. The management points are summer shearing, pest control, top dressing, weeding and draining.

Summer shears: First, the strong Wangzhi, the long branches, the branches to open the branches, the growth potential is moderate; the second is to remove some of the shading of the branches; the third is the short spring shoots, the spring and autumn shoots or the autumn shoots In the middle part, it promotes the autumn shoots and forms flower buds, which becomes a good result branch group. The fourth is the fruit trees with too many results and the result parts moving out, hanging branches and top branches to prevent folding and avoiding the results. Conducive to the growth and coloration of the fruit; the fifth is to pick up the heart, promote the division of short branches, the formation of flower buds.

Prevention and control of pests and diseases: In case of "floating drought" red spiders, it is easy to cause large outbreaks, causing damage. It can be sprayed with 1.8% avermectin water emulsion 3000 ~ 4000 times + soft water through 4000 times mixture to prevent and cure once; Orchard, remove the insect tip, can spray 48% chlorpyrifos (quiet, An Minle, good labor) emulsifiable oil 1000 ~ 1500 times + 25% imidacloprid suspension 2000 ~ 3000 times + soft water through 4000 times mixture control; leaf moth, First of leafminer occurrence, may be selected from spray 25% diflubenzuron SC 1000 to 1500 times, or 40% suspension triflumuron 6000 to 8000 times; Carposina egg fruit when 0.5 to 0.8% rate, The tree should be sprayed, and the commonly used medicaments are 20% of the emulsified emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times and 5% of the martial arts emulsifiable concentrate 2500 times ( and the remedy for the cockroaches ) . The spraying is focused on the fruit surface; the artificial killing of the leaf roller moth and the boat-shaped caterpillar is continued. The work of 蚱蝉, 桑天牛, 星天牛; in the rainy season, depending on the situation, spray 70% thiophanate-methyl (Lizhi, thiophanate-methyl) wettable powder 800 ~ 1000 times, or 25% ring Oxazole (Gin Lux, Enemy Detachment) emulsifiable concentrate 2000 to 3000 times, or multiple amount of Bordeaux mixture 1 to 2 times. Prevention and control of brown spot, spotted leaf disease, ring disease, anthracnose, round root rot; black light trap light, yellow trap, lepidopteran pest attractor, etc., can be used to trap pests.

Top dressing: It is beneficial to promote new roots, increase leaf function, increase single fruit weight, increase grade fruit rate and yield, enrich flower bud and tree nutrient accumulation, and improve tree body resistance. The harvest is well laid. Generally, the application of quick-acting compound fertilizer (high-nitrogen and high-potassium compound fertilizer) per mu is about 50 kg, which is conducive to promoting fruit expansion. The application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can increase fruit firmness and sugar content and promote fruit coloration.

Weeding: In August , weeds grow vigorously, competing with fruit trees for water, affecting the ventilation and light transmission of fruit trees, breeding pests and diseases, and timely cultivating weeds. It can cut off the lush green grass outside the park, the edge of the ditch, the edge of the garden, and the side of the road, and press it under the tree plate. Orchards that plan to implement artificial grass can be planted in the rainy season. Orchards that have been artificially grazing or natural grasses should be cut off in time when the grass grows to 20 to 30 cm. It is advocated to cover the orchard with grass-derived materials such as crop straw or weeds, which not only reduces the growth of pests and diseases, but also cools and moisturizes and improves the soil.

Drainage: August is in the rainy season, the amount of precipitation is large, and it is necessary to do a good job in flood control, water and soil conservation and wind protection. In the rainy season, there are many soil moisture and poor ventilation, which will inhibit the growth and absorption of roots. The flat orchard can carry out the management technology of “ridge cultivation”, that is, 10 cm of topsoil is pressed from the line to the line, so that the floor and the floor are 20 cm. The height difference between the left and right sides increases the soil layer under the canopy, which can store water and water, drain and prevent flooding, promote nutrient absorption, and avoid root disease caused by stagnant water. Dry the roots and necks of the affected plants to restore the roots as soon as possible.

Author: Yu

Source of information: Agricultural Science and Technology News