Method and management measures for planting watermelon

The general cultivation methods of watermelon are all planted on the spot. With the development of agricultural technology, more and more people choose to use bracket to cultivate watermelon. The cultivation of watermelon can not only improve the utilization rate of land but also greatly improve the quality of watermelon. Insect disease disaster. Next, Xiaobian will give you a brief introduction to the methods and management measures for planting watermelon under the support.

Bracket method

The method of cultivating watermelon can be selected from a fence frame, a herringbone frame or a plastic rope hanger.

1 Fence rack: It is to tie bamboo rafts or tree strips into a sparse fence-like erect frame at a certain distance, so that watermelon vines grow along the upright stand and make melons. This type of frame has good transparency and is easy to manage, but it has poor firmness and is not very resistant to wind.

2 Herringbone frame: It is to tie the bamboo raft or the tree bar to the adult shape according to the plant and row spacing, so that the vine grows along the herringbone oblique frame and grows the melon. The structure of the frame is simple, firm and wind-resistant, and is suitable for double-row planting of watermelon, but the wind permeability and light transmittance are not as good as the fence frame, and the operation management is not as convenient as the fence frame.

3 Plastic rope hanger: It is the bracket method used when cultivating watermelon in greenhouse or greenhouse. The plastic rope is placed on the skeleton of the greenhouse or greenhouse, so that the watermelon vine grows along the plastic rope and is made of melon. This frame type has good ventilation and low cost, but it is only suitable for use in the protected area.

Scaffolds

The scaffolding material can be selected from bamboo rafts, fine wooden sticks, branches, and the like. For poles, use bamboo poles or wooden sticks that are more upright, 1.2 to 1.5 meters long, and 3 to 4 cm in diameter. Insert one end of the ground to sharpen the tip. Other elongated materials can be used as tie rods, waist rods, and the like.

Scientific support

The scaffolding should be carried out when the watermelon vine grows to a length of 15 to 20 cm. When setting up the fence, first insert the pole and insert the pole vertically into the soil along the distance of the watermelon. You can insert 1 pole every 2~3 seedlings; the pole should be 25 cm away from the root of the melon seedling. 15~25cm; the two rows of poles of each melon should be arranged in parallel, so that they are longitudinally paired, horizontally aligned, and high in height. A crossbar is attached to each of the upper, middle and lower sections of each pole, thus forming a fence frame. In the frame of the herringbone, in each of the two rows of melons, two 1.5-meter-long bamboo rafts are inserted obliquely every two to three plants, so that the upper ends are crossed in a herringbone shape, and the bottoms of the two bamboo rafts are 65-75 apart. A centimeter away, and then use a thicker bamboo pole as a crossbar to tie up as the upper end beam; finally, on both sides of the herringbone frame, along the direction of the melon seedlings, about 50 cm from the ground, each tied a crossbar (waist) .

Tied up

When the melons grow to 60-70 cm long, they should be tied to the vines. The method of tying vines should be based on the height of the bracket, the number of vines and the length of the vine. When the bracket is taller and the melon is less, the "s" shape can be used to tie the vines, so that the vines rise along the frame in an "s" shape, and are tied every 30 to 50 cm wide. The part of the melon is tied to the crossbar for the future to hang the melon. When the scaffold has a lower number of cucurbits, the zigzag can be used to tie the vines.

Timely hanging melon

When the young melon grows to about 0.5 kg, it starts to hang the melon. Before hanging the melon, the grass ring and the sling for the hanging melon should be prepared in advance. When the melon is used, the young melon is placed on the grass circle, and then the three slings on the grass ring are evenly distributed and hung on the bracket.

Field management

1 Pick up the heart in time and cultivate the vine. When the watermelon has 5 leaves and 1 heart, pick the heart and cultivate 2 to 3 healthy vines. 2 set up to lead the vine. Take a 1.5-meter-high bamboo raft, use a double-layered truss type, insert a pole at the side of the planting hole, and insert another one every 40 cm. A row of poles is tied to two rows of crossbars, and the two vines are respectively led to the stand. In order to prevent the stand from falling down, several support bars should be inserted obliquely to be firm. 3 whole branches tied with vines. Watermelon is strong in branching. Except for retaining 2 to 3 vines, the rest of the children and Sun Zhiman are wiped off in time to ensure the nutritional supply of the vine. After the vines are put on shelves, the vines are tied once every 3 to 4 knots. 4 suitable for sitting melon. The first female flower of watermelon is generally below the tenth node. If the first female flower is left, the melon is not big, which is not conducive to high yield and should be removed. It is advisable to choose the second female flower to sit on the melon. In order to improve the rate of sitting, it can be artificially pollinated at 6 to 9 am. It is best to keep 1 vine and 1 melon for small watermelon. The melon is more uniform, and the 1 vine and more melon is poor in commodity and low in economic benefits. 5 evenly apply water and fertilizer. Summer and autumn seasons are prone to drought, and attention should be paid to water and fertilizer management. If the drought time is too long, it is not advisable to suddenly supply water to avoid cracking. Evenly applying water and fertilizer can make the melon and fruit expand together, which is conducive to increasing the commodity rate. 6 hanging melons to pick the top. Stump watermelon When the weight of the melon reaches 0.5 kg, carry the hanging melon, use a nylon rope to hang the stalk or use the net to hold the fruit and hang it on the vertical rail. After the watermelon is sitting, leave 9 to 11 leaves above the melons to remove the top buds.

Pest Control

The main pests and diseases of watermelon cultivation in summer and autumn are: pre-growth virus disease, anthracnose in the late growth stage, and blight will lead to plant flowering and leaf curling. From the seedling stage to the flowering and fruit setting, it is the main prevention and treatment period of the virus disease. Generally, the virus spirit or virus A is used, and the medicine is sprayed once every 7 days. Anthracnose and blight are very likely to occur after the rain, and they should be treated once more after the rain. Insect pests include aphids, Spodoptera litura, and beet armyworm, and are controlled by dimethoate, trichlorfon, and the like.