Motor Knowledge - IP Protection Level

The IP (INGRESS PROTECTION) protection level system was drafted by IEC (INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION). The appliance is classified according to its dustproof and moisture-proof characteristics. The foreign objects referred to here include tools, human fingers, etc., which are not accessible to the live parts of the appliance to avoid electric shock. The IP protection level is composed of two numbers. The first number indicates the level of the lamp from dust and the intrusion of foreign objects. The second number indicates the degree of airtightness of the lamp against moisture and water intrusion. The larger the number, the more the protection level is. high.

Additional letters: Prevents access to dangerous parts A Hand back B Finger C Tool D Metal line supplementary letter: Specially supplemented information H High-pressure equipment M Waterproof test sample run S Waterproof test sample static W Climate conditions

Waterproof test
1. The range waterproof test includes the second feature number from 1 to 8, that is, the protection level code is IPX1 to IPX8.
2, various levels of waterproof test content (1) IPX1
Method name: vertical drip test equipment: drip test device and test method see 2.11
Placement of the sample: Place it on the rotating sample stage at 1r/min according to the normal working position of the sample. The distance from the top of the sample to the drip port is not more than 200mm.
Test conditions: the amount of dripping is 10.5 mm/min;
Test duration: 10 min;
(2) IPX2
Method name: inclined 15 ° drip test equipment: drip test device and test method see 2.11
Placement of the sample: Make one side of the sample at an angle of 15° to the vertical, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip is not more than 200 mm. After each side of the test, change to another. . . . . Face, a total of four times.
Test conditions: The amount of dripping is 3 0.5 mm/min;
Test duration: 4 × 2.5 min (10 min total);
(3) IPX3
Method name: Water test test method:
a. Swing tube type water test test equipment: swing tube type water splash test device (device pattern and test method see book 2.14)
Sample placement: Select the swing tube of the appropriate radius so that the height of the sample table is at the diameter of the swing tube. Place the sample on the sample table so that the distance from the top to the sample spout is no more than 200 mm, and the sample stage does not rotate.
Test conditions: The water flow rate is calculated according to the number of water spray holes of the swing tube, and each hole is 0.07 L/min. When water is sprayed, the spray water from the spray holes in the 60° arcs on both sides of the swing tube is sprayed toward the sample. The test sample was placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube is swung 60° on both sides of the vertical line for a total of 120°. Each swing (2 × 120 ° for about 4s).
Test time: continuous watering for 10 min.
b. Nozzle type water spray test equipment: hand-held water splash test device, device pattern and test method can be found in this book 2.14
Sample placement: The parallel distance between the top of the test and the nozzle of the hand nozzle is between 300mm and 500mm. Test conditions: The baffle with balance weight should be installed during the test, and the water flow rate is 10 L/min.
Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of ​​the sample to be tested, 1 min per square meter (excluding the installation area), at least 5 min.
(4) IPX4
Method name: splash test;
experiment method:
a. Pendulum tube splash test equipment and sample placement: same as paragraph (3) of IPX3 above;
Test conditions: Except for the following conditions, it is the same as paragraph a of IPX3 of Article (3) above;
The water spray area is sprayed to the sample by the water spray hole in the 90° arc section on both sides of the pendulum tube. The test sample was placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube is oscillated 180° along both sides of the vertical, for a total of about 360°. Each swing (2 × 360 °) for about 12s.
Test time: IP with Article (3) above

The IP (INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION) protection level and the waterproof test are based on the following standards:
1) International protection and waterproof test standards drafted by IEC (INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION): International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC 529 – 598
2) National standard GB 700 – 86
3) GB 4208 and so on.
IP protection level laboratory: At present, the laboratories capable of IP level test mainly include environmental reliability and electromagnetic compatibility test center, aerospace environmental reliability test and test center, Suzhou Electric Apparatus Research Institute, National Electrical Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, etc. .

IEC IP protection class definition IP means Ingress Protection. IEC IP protection level is important for electrical equipment safety protection. IP and other protection level systems provide a dustproof, waterproof and anti-collision degree for electrical equipment and packaging. The method of classification of products, which has been approved by most European countries, was drafted by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and published in the IED529 (BS EN 60529:1992) IP code.
The degree of protection is often expressed in terms of IP followed by two numbers, which are used to clarify the level of protection.
The first number indicates the extent to which the equipment is resistant to dust, or the extent to which people are protected from damage in a sealed environment. I represents the level of prevention of the entry of solid foreign bodies, the highest level is 6;
The second number indicates the degree to which the device is waterproof. P stands for the level of water ingress prevention, the highest level is 8.
Such as motor protection class IP65, protection class IP55 and so on.
Contact electrical equipment protection and foreign object protection level (first number) Electrical equipment waterproof protection level (second number)
First digital protection range second digital protection range name description name description
0 no protection - 0 no protection -
1 Protection of solid foreign body detectors with a diameter of 50mm and larger, the diameter of the sphere is 50mm, should not completely enter 1 water droplet protection vertical drop of water droplets should not cause damage
2 Protection of 12.5mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detectors, the diameter of the sphere is 12.5mm, should not be fully entered. When the cabinet is tilted by 15 degrees, the protective drip cabinet is inclined vertically at any angle of 15 degrees. Water droplets should not cause damage
3 Protection of 2.5mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detectors, the diameter of the sphere is 2.5mm, should not be fully entered. 3 The water splashed from the protection should not cause damage when the water splashed from both sides of the vertical line at an angle of 60 degrees.
4 Protection of 1.0mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detectors, the diameter of the sphere is 1.0mm, should not be fully entered. 4 Protective water spray should not cause damage to the water sprayed from the cabinet in every direction.
5 Protective dust cannot completely prevent dust from entering, but the amount of dust entering will not cause damage to the equipment. 5 Protective water should not cause damage from the water in each direction.
6 Dust-closed cabinets should not enter dust at a low pressure of 20 mbar. 6 Shielding strong water should not cause damage from the strong water that aligns the cabinet in each direction. Note: The diameter of the detector should not pass through the hole in the cabinet. 7 Protection short-time water-immersed cabinets should be immersed in water when they are immersed in water for a short time under standard pressure.
8 Protection For long-term immersion in water, it can be immersed in water under certain conditions. There should be no water damage rating JIS (IPX) that can cause damage to electronic products.
0 no protection
1 Anti-drip type I vertical drop of water droplets has no harmful effects 2 Anti-drip type II and vertical direction of water droplets falling within 15" have no harmful effects
3 Rainfall type and vertical direction within 60 degrees of rainfall have no harmful effects
4 splash-proof type is affected by water splash in any direction without harmful effects
5 anti-injection type is directly affected by water injection without harmful effects
6 Water resistant type is directly exposed to water and does not enter the interior.
7 The impregnation type will not enter the interior even under the specified conditions even if it is immersed in water.
8 The water type can be used for a long time without immersing in a certain pressure of water.
9 moisture-proof type can use the international industrial standard waterproof registration IP and the Japanese industrial standard JIS waterproof rating when the humidity is 90% or more. The IP rating is also dust-proof. The regulations.
IPxx dustproof and waterproof grade dustproof rating (first X) Waterproof rating (second X)
0: no protection
1: Prevent large solid intrusion
2: Prevent medium-sized solids from invading
3: Prevent small solids from entering the intrusion
4: Prevent solid objects larger than 1mm from entering
5: Prevent harmful dust accumulation
6 : Completely prevent dust from entering
0: no protection
1 : Drops of water dripping into the casing have no effect
2: When the housing is tilted to 15 degrees, the drop of water drops into the housing has no effect
3: Water or rain has no effect from the 60 degree corner to the outer casing. 4: The liquid is splashed from any direction to the outer casing without damage.
5: Rinse with water without any damage
6 : Can be used in the cabin environment 7 : can be immersed in water for a short time ( 1m )
8: Long-term immersion under certain pressure. Example: There is a scale or display instrument marked as IP65, which means that the product can completely prevent dust from entering and can be washed with water without any damage.
Provisions for waterproofing experiments in the IPXX class.
(1) IPX 1
Method name: vertical drip test equipment: drip test device sample placement: placed on the rotating sample stage at 1r/min according to the normal working position of the sample, the distance from the top of the sample to the drip is not much 200mm
Test conditions: dripping amount is 10.05 mm/min
Duration: 10 min
(2) IPX 2
Method name: inclined 15° drip test equipment: drip test device sample placement: make one side of the sample at an angle of 15° to the vertical, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip is not more than 200mm. After each test, change the other side for a total of four times.
Test conditions: The amount of dripping is 30.5 mm/min
Duration: 4 × 2.5 min (10 min total)
(3) IPX 3
Method name: Water test test method:
a. Pendulum tube type water spray test equipment: pendulum tube type water splashing test device sample placement: select the swing tube of appropriate radius, so that the sample table height is at the swing tube diameter position, and place the sample on the sample table, so that The distance from the top to the sample spout is no more than 200mm, and the sample stage does not rotate.
Test conditions: The water flow rate is calculated according to the number of water spray holes of the swing tube, and each hole is 0.07 L/min. When water is sprayed, the spray water sprayed from the spray holes in the 60° arcs on both sides of the swing tube is sprayed toward the sample. The test sample was placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube is swung 60° on both sides of the vertical line for a total of 120°. Each swing (2 × 120 °) about 4s
Test time: continuous watering for 10 min
b. Nozzle type water spray test: hand-held water splash test device sample placement: the parallel distance between the test top and the hand nozzle sprinkler is between 300mm and 500mm. Test conditions: the test should be installed with balance weight Baffle, water flow rate is 10 L/min
Test time: 1 min per square meter based on the surface area of ​​the sample to be inspected (excluding the installation area), at least 5 min
(4) IPX 4
Method Name: Splash Test Method:
a. Pendulum tube splash test equipment and sample placement: same as the above paragraph A of IPX 3;
Test conditions: Except for the conditions described below, it is the same as the above paragraph A of IPX 3; the water spray area is the spray water sprayed to the sample in the 90° arc of each side of the midpoint of the pendulum tube. The test sample was placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube is swung 180° on both sides of the vertical line, for a total of about 360°. Each swing (2 × 360 °) about 12s
Test time: Same as the above paragraph A of IPX 3 (ie 10 min).
b. Sprinkler type splash test equipment and sample placement: same as the above IPX 3 paragraph b;
Test conditions: Remove the baffle with balance weight on the equipment, and the rest are the same as the above paragraphs of IPX 3;
Test time: Same as the above paragraphs of IPX 3, that is, 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) at least 5 min according to the surface area of ​​the sample to be tested.
(5) IPX 5
Method name: water spray test equipment: the nozzle inner diameter of the nozzle is 6.3mm
Test conditions: the distance between the test sample and the spout is 2.5m ~ 3m, and the water flow is 12.5 L / min (750 L / h)
Test time: 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) at least 3 min according to the surface area of ​​the sample to be tested
(6) IPX 6
Method name: strong water spray test;
Test equipment: the nozzle has an inner diameter of 12.5 mm
Test conditions: the distance from the test sample to the spout is 2.5m ~ 3m, the water flow is 100 L / min (6000 L / h)
Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of ​​the sample to be tested, 1 min per square meter (excluding the installation area) at least 3 min
(7) IPX 7
Method name: short-time water immersion test equipment and test conditions: water immersion tank. It should be sized so that the sample is placed in the immersion tank and the distance from the bottom of the sample to the surface of the water is at least 1 m. The distance from the top of the sample to the water surface is at least 0.15m
Test time: 30 min
(8) IPX 8
Method Name: Continuous diving test;
Test equipment, test conditions and test time: It is agreed by both the supply and demand (sales and purchase) that the severity should be higher than IPX 7.
Note: In addition, many outdoor electronics are also emphasizing floating capacity.