Based on the principle of reactive power compensation technology, reactive power compensation is selected and used in the power supply and distribution system. The production equipment of the beneficiation plant has improved the power factor after using the reactive power compensation device, which saves electric energy and the power supply is stable and reliable. introduction: The majority of industrial enterprises use electricity equipment as an inductive load. When operating, they will absorb a large amount of reactive power, reduce system voltage and power factor, increase line losses, and reduce power supply capacity. Some large-scale equipment in a limited company's concentrator is used for frequency conversion control, and a high-power frequency converter is used. The inverter is a non-linear load and generates a large number of harmonic currents, causing grid and distribution system instability. To solve the hidden dangers of power supply and distribution, reactive power compensation technology is applied to the power distribution system to improve the quality of power supply and distribution. Smooth production. Reactive compensation principle When the waveform of the grid voltage is a sine wave and the voltage and current are in the same phase, the power P obtained by a resistive electrical device such as an incandescent lamp, an electric heater, etc. from the grid is equal to the product of the voltage U and the current I, that is: P=U× I. Inductive electrical equipment such as motors and transformers need to establish a magnetic field during operation. The energy consumed at this time cannot be converted into active power, so it is called reactive power Q. At this time, the current lags the voltage by an angle φ. The choice of power distribution equipment is based on apparent power S, which is the vector sum of active power and reactive power: S = (P2 + Q2) 1/2. Reactive power is: Q = (S2 - P2) 1/2 The ratio of active power to apparent power is power factor: cosφ = P/S The transmission of reactive power exacerbates the grid load, increases the power grid losses, and reduces the system voltage. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out nearby and local compensation. Shunt capacitors can compensate or balance the inductive reactive power of electrical equipment. When the capacitive reactive power QC is equal to the inductive reactive power QL, the grid transmits only the active power P. Reactive power compensation There are three types of reactive power compensation: distributed compensation, decentralized compensation, and local compensation. The capacity of the capacitor bank used in the centralized compensation method is smaller than the group compensation or on-site compensation, and the utilization rate is higher. However, the feeders of transformers and distribution stations are not compensated, and only the reactive power load of the grid is reduced. The utilization ratio of the capacitor bank in the decentralized compensation mode is higher than that of the local compensation. Therefore, the total demand is smaller than the local compensation, which is an economic and reasonable compensation method. Determination of compensation capacity The loss of reactive power consumed by transmission, transformation, distribution equipment, and power users in the power grid is about half, and in order to reduce consumption, the flow of reactive power in the power grid must be reduced. It is better to increase the reactive power compensation from the user and increase the power factor of the user load. This can reduce the reactive power output of the generator and the reactive power consumption in the transmission, transformation, and distribution equipment, thereby reducing the loss. Calculate the compensated reactive power capacity Q by the formula Qc = P, where P is the maximum load daily average active power, which is the measured value of the power factor before and after the installation of the compensation device, respectively. Reactive power compensation helps reduce system energy consumption Reactive power compensation often encountered problems and solutions analysis In practical work, reactive power compensation also encounters the following problems: 1. Capacitors are frequently damaged. 2. Capacitor external fuses are often blown during switching capacitor banks and operation. 3, capacitor bank often put into use is low. For the above situation, we analyze the possible reasons are as follows: 1, the main cause of capacitor damage due to the selection of voltage levels did not consider the impact of harmonic background, resulting in the selected voltage level is low, long-term operation of the capacitor will be easily damaged. 2. The fuse outside the capacitor often melts, which is mainly caused by the impact of the inrush current on the fuse or the small selection of the rated current of the fuse, or the incorrect switching sequence of the capacitor bank with different reactance rate. 3. The low utilization rate of capacitors is mainly due to the improper selection and distribution of capacitor capacity. Conclusion It can be seen that installing reactive power compensation capacitors with appropriate capacity in the power grid can increase the power factor, while increasing the power factor can reduce the power consumption of the power grid and bring great economic benefits. There is a great potential for energy conservation in the power supply and utilization systems of industrial enterprises. The combination of centralized and decentralized, high-voltage and low-voltage reactive power compensation is an effective method for efficient use of electricity, energy conservation and consumption reduction. 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