Recently, the Ministry of Finance and a number of provincial finance departments issued notices to stipulate the purchase standards for office furniture of relevant units. Mr. Zhang is a financial officer of a unit in Jiangsu Province. Recently, he and his colleagues are nervously preparing the budget for the next year of the unit. "Our budget for furniture purchase next year is based on Jiangsu's new asset allocation budget." Similarly, the central government and many local administrative agencies have budgets for the furniture sector when preparing the next annual budget. A new reference standard. The central government has successively issued the recent days. The Ministry of Finance and several provincial finance departments have issued notices to stipulate the purchase standards for office furniture of relevant units. In order to strengthen the management of the purchase of general office equipment and furniture in the central administrative unit, the Ministry of Finance recently issued a notice on the issuance of the “Standards for the Purchase of Furniture for General Office Equipment of the Central Administrative Unit (Trial)” (hereinafter referred to as the “Notice”), which clearly states that The standard is an important part of the central budget standard system, and it is the relevant basis for the department's budget preparation and the financial department's audit budget. According to the Notice, the standards for office furniture include the physical quantity standard, the price ceiling standard and the service life standard. The physical quantity standard is subject to two-way control. First, the standards are set according to the level of staff and the number of internal institutions. Leaders at or above the ministerial level are equipped as needed, and other staff members are divided according to the following two levels: department level and department level. The second is to set standards for the number of people in the unit. Soon after the introduction of the standards of the Ministry of Finance, such standards were also introduced in many provinces and cities. The relevant person in charge of the Assets Department of the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Finance told the author that the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Finance has made the asset allocation standard system construction a key research topic, and the provincial-level agency affairs bureau formed a research team to conduct field visits to Guangdong and Hainan, and repeatedly The opinions of the relevant units were solicited, and finally, the “General General Asset Allocation Budget Standard for Jiangsu Provincial Administrative Institutions (Trial)” was recently issued. It is understood that in addition to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and other provinces have recently introduced the budgetary standards for general office equipment and office furniture purchase fees for provincial administrative institutions. In addition, Hainan Province is actively studying and updating and adjusting the original standards. It is expected that new standards will be introduced soon. The implementation of the situation is mixed with the configuration standards of office furniture. Relevant departments at all levels have had relevant regulations. These regulations are conducive to standardizing asset management. For suppliers, there is a specific reference price, which has a guiding significance for furniture procurement. . However, from the perspective of the implementation effect, the situation is different. "At present, many provincial-level administrative institutions in Jiangsu Province are carrying out budget preparation work for the next year. All the furniture parts are budgeted according to this standard." The relevant person in charge of the Assets Department of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Finance said that Jiangsu's standards have just been introduced soon. Since they have fully sought the opinions of various units, they are currently implementing them seriously, but the specific effects will have to wait for a while to know. Hainan Province has introduced relevant standards since 2008. According to the relevant person in charge of the local finance department, they have a strict control procedure to ensure the implementation of the standards. The first is that when the budget is made, the Finance Department will verify the relevant budget funds of each unit according to this standard. Second, when government procurement, they also require that they must be rigorously procured according to standards. Finally, in the accounting, each unit will be controlled according to this standard. "Through the control of these three links, the implementation of the standard can be basically guaranteed. At present, the implementation of the standard is good." "The National Authority has similar standards before, but as far as I know, many departments rarely follow the purchase of furniture. This standard is implemented.” Speaking of the standard of office furniture, the head of a large furniture company seems to be somewhat dissatisfied. He told the author that many of these office furniture configuration standards are out of touch with the actual situation, and it can be said that it is “deserved in name only”. ", many times only symbolically as a reference, there is no substantial manifestation in the procurement. Mr. Meng, who is responsible for furniture procurement in a provincial administrative unit in Yunnan Province, also confirmed this statement: “Our unit has just completed an office furniture procurement project recently. The standard is mainly through pre-market research, research and discussion in various departments of the unit, and then listening. The opinions of the unit leaders were finalized.” Mr. Meng said that the relevant standards in Yunnan Province are not very reasonable. According to this standard, it is difficult to purchase suitable products, so they are only used as a reference and are not fully implemented.

Heat Sink

Heat sink is a vital component that helps to dissipate heat from electronic devices. These devices generate heat as they operate, which can damage the internal components and cause malfunctions. In this article, we will explore what heat sinks are, how they work, and why they are important.


What is a heat sink?

A heat sink is a hardware device that is used to regulate the temperature of electronic components by dissipating heat. It is usually made out of an aluminum or copper plate with fins, which help to increase the surface area and improve the efficiency of heat transfer. Heat sinks are commonly used in electronic devices such as computers, power supplies, and mobile phones.


How do heat sinks work?

The purpose of a heat sink is to transfer heat from an electronic component to the surrounding environment. When electronic components such as CPUs or GPUs become hot, the heat is transferred to the metal plate of the heat sink. The heat sink then uses its fins to increase the surface area for the transfer of heat to the air. As the air flows over the fins, it absorbs the heat and carries it away, thus cooling the electronic component.


Why are heat sinks important?

Heat sinks play a significant role in ensuring that electronic devices function correctly and have an extended lifespan. Here are a few key reasons why heat sinks are important:

  1. Improved performance: When electronic components become too hot, they can malfunction or slow down. Heat sinks help to regulate the temperature of these components, allowing them to operate at their full potential.

  2. Extended lifespan: Overheating can cause damage to electronic components, leading to a shortened lifespan. Heat sinks help to prevent this by ensuring that the components are kept within their safe temperature range.

  3. Reliability: By preventing excessive overheating, heat sinks contribute to the overall reliability of electronic devices, reducing the risk of malfunctions and failures.

In summary, heat sinks are an essential component of electronic devices that help to regulate the temperature of electronic components. They improve performance, extend the lifespan of devices, and contribute to their overall reliability. Regular maintenance, cleaning, and replacement of damaged heat sinks are crucial for ensuring the optimal functioning of electronic devices.

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