"Three strokes" to manage the autumn and winter tomatoes

The result of the winter stalk tomato in the greenhouse is just from the New Year's Day to the Spring Festival, with large sales volume, good price and high efficiency. How to manage the autumn and winter tomatoes requires some clever "tieds".

Light application of base fertilizer, heavy application of top dressing

Autumn and winter 茬 and winter and spring 茬 tomatoes are the most important cornices in winter-heated plastic greenhouses in North China. Mature greenhouses, because of the organic fertilizer and fertilizer input for many years, the soil is already very fertile, so the base fertilizer should be light. The empirical data show that for 8 years or so, it is recommended that the high-potassium compound fertilizer for the autumn and winter 茬 tomato base fertilizer should be about 25 kg/mu. The shorter the shed, the higher the corresponding amount of base fertilizer, the maximum limit of 75 kg / mu. If the planting time of autumn and winter carp is in September, the temperature at the seedling stage is suitable and grows strong, and the base fertilizer can be used less or without organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer has given the planting period in winter and spring, which can play the role of raising the ground temperature and ensuring high yield.

According to the number of ears, the amount of topdressing is determined, and the focus should be on the yield of topdressing. If a total of 6 spikes are left, the tops can be topdressed 3 times when the first, third, and fifth ear fruits are inflated; if a total of 4 spikes are left, the topdressing of the first and third ear fruits is 2 times; when the fruit is large, Appropriate increase of topdressing once. The top dressing is mainly potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer, and the formula is preferably high nitrogen, low phosphorus and high potassium, and the dosage is 20-30 kg/mu/time. When the ground temperature is low, the organic matter such as fulvic acid is better, and the effect of the purified fertilizer on the ground temperature and root system is buffered.

Timely supplement of medium fertilizer

Among the medium and trace elements, tomatoes have more demand for calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc and iron. These elements should be supplemented by three aspects: bottom application, topdressing and foliar application. The bottom is supplemented with optional superior boron Zn, silicon calcium magnesium, calcium magnesium phosphorus, and sapphire iron fertilizer. It can be supplemented with compound fertilizer once, and can be selected from Ciba Boron Zinc, Youli Boron Zinc and Ammonium Nitrate. Foliar spray can be supplemented 2-3 times, optional Kangpu calcium magnesium boron, suspended zinc, liquid calcium, green and so on. The amount of use refers to the instructions, and it is useless. In addition, in order to effectively prevent soil-borne diseases, Kangdi Lei De or Yi micro-bacteria (both ingredients are bacillus) can be used to condition the soil, or mixed with fine soil in the planting hole, about 1 kg per mu.

Prevent three diseases

Tomato leaf spot, late blight and gray mold are the three main diseases of autumn and winter tomato, and timely control can ensure the benefits.

Bacterial leaf spot control is based on seed treatment, and can be treated with 3000 (or Longke, acacia, and nitro-humate) in the initial stage.

For the prevention of late blight, Baitai, Yinfali or anti-virus cockroaches should be sprayed once every 10-15 days before the onset of the disease. Generally, there will be no late blight. When sporadic occurs, first use rapid-acting therapeutic agents (such as Anke, cymoxanil, mildew, etc.) to control the development of the disease, and then spray Baitai, Yinfali and other protection.

Botrytis cinerea is one of the key diseases in the flowering and fruiting period. The prevention methods include: First, cleaning up dried flowers, dry leaves and other spoilages during farming operations. The second is to prevent the use of chlorpheniramine, Trichoderma harzian, etc., treatment with pyrimethanil, etc., pay attention to spray combined with calcium, the effect is better. Third, the medicine used in sneezing flowers is added with the medicine for controlling gray mold, such as Shijiale 1000 times (or 1000 times speed of Suo Keling, 500 times of phlegm), and it is prevented.