Biomass energy industry urgently needs to develop

The abandoned straw in the farmland is now a baby. Under the background of the low-carbon economic philosophy and related technical conditions, straw will no longer be disposed of in the fields, but can be used as resources and play a greater role. Straw power generation is a good example.

Yin Chengjie, a member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Republic of China and deputy chairman of the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee, introduced that the National Energy Corporation, Datang, and other companies have all carried out straw power generation projects.

“The straw energy of crops is an important green energy for promoting economic and social development.” Yin Chengjie positioned straw as such. He suggested that the public should change their minds: With the advancement of agricultural science and technology, especially agricultural processing technology, all products produced by agriculture have economic value and use value, and crop straw has also changed from the former waste into the market circulation. Important agricultural products.

According to this new concept, the types of agricultural products are increasing, the scope is expanding, the value is growing, and the functions are expanding. Yin Chengjie said that crop stalks are sold to enterprises and 1 jin of income is equivalent to 1/4 of 1 jin of grain, and farmers can increase income.

In the past, China produced more than 500 million tons of grain each year. Of the more than 700 million tons of straw produced, only 60% of the more than 40% of straw used as feed, fertilizer, and industrial raw materials can be used for energy development. 210 million tons of standard coal. The full use of this part of straw will save a lot of agricultural resources such as arable land and fresh water, and at the same time effectively change the pollution of straw burning and rot to the environment. The straw ash after power generation is a high-quality potash fertilizer that can replace part of chemical fertilizers and reduce non-point source pollution in rural areas.

The utilization of straw is just one aspect of the development of biomass energy in rural areas. Forest residues, animal manure and by-products of agricultural product processing are also pioneers of the biomass energy army.

It is understood that a power plant with a biomass installed capacity of 25,000 kilowatts can annually save 80,000 tons of coal equivalent to standard coal and have annual CO2 emission reductions of 150,000 tons.

Biomass power generation is an important form of global use of biomass energy. In addition to crop stalks, agricultural and forestry processing wastes, livestock and poultry manure etc. can also be used as raw materials for biomass power generation. At present, the global installed capacity of biomass power generation has exceeded 50 million kilowatts, which can replace more than 90 million tons of standard coal. In the United States, where biomass power generation ranks the world leader, the total installed capacity of biomass power generation exceeds 10,000 megawatts, accounting for more than 40% of the installed capacity of renewable energy power generation in the United States. According to statistics, by 2020, 15% of the electricity in Western industrial countries will come from biomass power generation.

Biomass energy material production areas, in addition to farmers' arable land, are more barren hills, barren slopes, deserts, saline-alkali land and other areas. According to statistics, there are 2.9 billion mu of land in China that can be used to grow energy crops. Yin Chengjie made a calculation. If all of this 2.9 billion mu of land is used to grow biomass energy crops, it can directly and indirectly boost the employment of the rural labor force by more than 50 million.

In the processing of forest products, China produces 15 million cubic meters of surplus each year, which is equivalent to 2.06 million tons of standard coal if calculated at 55% utilization rate. At present, China's livestock and poultry farming industry produces about 3 billion tons of manure each year, and about 148 million rural households are suitable for the development of biogas. By 2015, the physical quantity of animal manure resources in China's large-scale breeding farms will reach 325 million tons, which can produce 1950 billion cubic meters of biogas, equivalent to replacing 310 million tons of standard coal.

The by-products of agricultural product processing, such as rice husks, corn cob, and bagasse, are huge in quantity and can be easily handled in a centralized manner. Curing molding power generation will improve its utilization efficiency. In addition, China produces 13 million tons of cottonseed each year and can produce about 2 million tons of cottonseed oil, which also provides important raw materials for biodiesel.

In the development of the biomass energy industry, the principle that China needs to grasp is to actively develop non-food biomass energy and focus on researching, developing and utilizing biomass energy that uses straw and agricultural waste as raw materials. To develop biomass energy, we should ensure national food security, make comprehensive use of existing biomass energy, and vigorously develop transgenic technologies. In addition, we must also plan in an integrated manner, adjust measures to local conditions, steadily implement it, increase technical research and development efforts, and establish a sound management system for biomass resources.