Aviation engines have long been a shortcoming in the aviation industry in China. At present, some of our military aircraft still use foreign engines, and in the commercial aviation sector, the engines used in the C-919 large jet passenger aircraft are also produced from a US-French joint venture. In order to make up for this short board as soon as possible, the country has been increasing the research and development of aero engines. The “Made in China 2025†issued by the State Council clearly stated that it is necessary to “establish an industrial system for autonomous development of the engineâ€. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China also launched major special projects for aero-engines and gas turbines. Today, the aviation industry continues to exert its force and is continuously narrowing its gap with the world-class engine. The aero engine dissipates more than 1700 degrees per second, only the "bismuth" metal is not melted In Hebei Langfang Science Park, an aero engine designed for drones and business machines is undergoing a 150-hour trial run to assess the engine's comprehensive performance in terms of technical performance, reliability, and lifespan. Zhu Junqiang, director of the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences: After 150 hours have been completed, the first flight guarantee will be no problem. Test flights can be performed at different altitudes. This engine is basically shaped. Aeroengine is one of the most complex and multidisciplinary integrated construction machinery systems in the world today. It needs to work under the severe conditions of high temperature, high pressure, high speed and high load, and meets high power, light weight, high reliability, and safety. Because of the very harsh and even contradictory requirements of good performance and long life, aero engines are hailed as the "crown" of modern industry. Although China is one of the few countries in the world that can independently develop aero-engines, the performance of aero-engines has not been met, and it has always been a heart disease in China's aviation industry. During the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China launched major aviation engine and gas turbine special projects. The aviation industry continues to exert its force and continuously narrows the gap with world-class engine manufacturers. Xu Gang, Director of the Light Power Laboratory of the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences: The fuel consumption rate of this turbofan engine, its life span, and these indicators have all reached the international advanced level. It is also a blank in China. All parts are designed independently. , And then the independent production, especially the high-temperature single crystal turbine blades like inside, actually can be said that the engine, the difficulty of processing difficulties. The single crystal blade is the most critical part of the aerospace product with the highest temperature, the most complex stress, and the harshest environment. Its casting process directly determines the performance of the aeroengine. At the center of this 1,000-kilogram thrust engine, the core components are the 60 single crystal blades in front of the eyes. The engine compresses the air and presses it into the combustion chamber. In a limited space, it burns violently with the fuel, produces a violent gas jet, and drives the blades to rotate at high speed, giving the seemingly thin parts an incredible power. Each blade The output horsepower is equivalent to a 2.0-liter SUV car. Zhu Junqiang: Our 1,000-kilogram engine has a high-pressure speed of nearly 40,000 rotations at more than 30,000 rotations. The approximate tangential speed is about 450 meters per second, and the temperature is about 1,720 degrees. In order to prevent melting, engineers and technicians made each blade hollow, and also designed a sophisticated and complicated cooling system. The heat taken away by the cooling system can boil a pot of water in 1/20 seconds or even less. However, at a temperature of 1700 degrees Celsius, ordinary metals are still not sufficiently heat-resistant. The production of single-crystal leaves is inseparable from a precious rare metal - helium. In Chengdu Hangyu Superalloy Technology Co., Ltd., we saw the most critical metal in the production of single crystal blades - helium. This is the latest natural element discovered by humans because the discoverer was a German chemist and was named after the Rhine. Its content in the earth's crust is smaller than all rare earth elements and is more difficult to obtain than diamonds. According to the report of the US Geological Survey, the global proven reserves of plutonium are only about 2,500 tons. The price of plutonium is similar to the price of platinum, and one pound can take about two to three hundred dollars. The company that can purify base metals is the parent company of Chengdu Aerospace Super Alloy Technology Co., Ltd., which is a listed mining company. In 2010, the company detected plutonium in the mine of its Huanglongpu molybdenum mine in Luonan County, Shaanxi Province, with reserves of 176 tons, accounting for about 7% of global reserves, second only to Chile, the United States, Russia, and Kazakhstan. . In recent years, with the development of the aviation industry, the average annual growth rate of the consumption of antimony is 3%. Although the price is not cheap, it has been in a state of oversupply. In order to find more base metals, Chengdu Hangyu Superalloy Technology Co., Ltd., through cooperation with the Hunan Nonferrous Metals Research Institute, used more than one year to overcome technical difficulties and realized the purification of bismuth. However, with such scarce resources, Zhang Zhenghe's shareholders found that this rare metal has little sales in China. In desperation, they turned their eyes to the international market, hoping to use the resource-for-technology model and seek cooperation with such foreign alloy manufacturing companies. Zhang Zheng, chairman of Chengdu Aerospace Superalloys Technology Co., Ltd.: Every family wants to sign up with us. We only need to produce them, but because of this technology, all the companies that have mastered this single crystal technology are A law subject to the United States must not participate in technical cooperation. The United States is the largest consumer of base metals, controls the global sales market and has been monopolized. Since helium can be widely used in jet engines and rocket engines, about 80% of the world's helium is used to produce aero-engines, which has important military strategy. In order to maintain its dominant position in the aviation industry, the United States and some other Western countries have imposed material and technical blockades against China all year round. Although the British aero engine giant Rolls Royce has invested and built factories in China, he has also fortified Chinese employees at all levels. Even though Song Yang, who had been working for the company for seven years at the time, has never had the opportunity to contact his core technology. Song Yang, deputy general manager of Chengdu Aerospace Superalloys Technology Co., Ltd.: It has some areas that restrict Chinese entry. They do not want such technical secrets to be understood and mastered by China. I believe this is not only for me personally. For many Chinese who work in the aviation companies of foreign companies, this may be a relatively embarrassing moment. The more the blockade, the more it explains the strategic importance of aero engines, and the more they need to break through. When Song Yang set his sights in Shanghai, Xi'an, the chairman of the mining company, Zhang Zheng, made an important decision: He produced single-crystal turbine blades for aero engines. Zhang Zheng, chairman of Chengdu Aerospace Superalloys Technology Co., Ltd., wanted to find a solution to this technology because I didn't want to be a supplier of only one element, and such a rare element we supply it to overseas companies. It does not help China. Private Enterprises Entering the First Production of Single Crystal Blades in China's Aviation Industry A private enterprise decided to enter a capital-intensive and talent-intensive industry such as the aviation industry. This industry has a large investment, long cycle, and slow return. The single-crystal turbine blades that they intend to produce are currently manufactured in all parts of aircraft engines. The parts with the most processes, the longest cycle, the lowest pass rate, the foreign blockade and the most serious monopoly. In the face of severe reality, how can they achieve breakthroughs in the production of single crystal turbine blades, from talents to technology to equipment? Zhang Zheng, chairman of Chengdu Aerospace Superalloy Technology Co., Ltd., must first build a team of talented people to design the entire production process. According to the production process, he can select equipment worldwide. This talent is the top talent in the world. In our country’s talent pool, there must be their corresponding information, and we are there for help. Zhang Zheng did not expect that, with the help of the government, he quickly identified several top foreign experts who were suitable. They worked for several well-known aero engine companies and had years of research, development, manufacture, installation, and testing of aero engine components. Experience in maintenance and quality control. Zhang Zheng, who is thirsty for his thirst, soon throws an olive branch to them, but initially he was rejected. Zhang Zheng understands that it is very difficult for a private enterprise to have a huge attraction for them. What's more, it is still necessary to go to a foreign country. Everything must start from scratch. When Zhang Zheng ran for the team of experts, in July 2012, the State Council issued the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Strategic and Emerging Industries of the Stateâ€, which listed the aviation equipment industry as the first project in the high-end equipment manufacturing industry. It is clearly stated that it is necessary to break through the key technologies of aero-engines and accelerate the industrialization of aero-engines. The vigorous advocacy at the national level undoubtedly added the most weight to Zhang Zheng’s persuasion work. From this year onwards, Zhang Zheng’s company has successfully introduced two overseas top experts through the national overseas high-level talent introduction program, which is also known as the “Thousand Talents Programâ€. At the same time, it passed the “Thousand Talents Program in Sichuan Provinceâ€. , "Chengdu talent plan", build their own professional team. According to the relevant policies of all levels of government, these imported talents not only can enjoy policy subsidies of up to 1 million yuan per person, but also enjoy special treatment in terms of immigration and residence, spouse placement, children's school admission, medical insurance, and incentive recognition. Song Yang is one of the backbone of the team introduced by Chengdu Talent Plan. The government’s talent policy and the company’s development prospects allowed him to hesitate to resign from a foreign company and join the company’s building company, Chengdu Aerospace, to round off his dream of domestic aviation engines. With the team, there was also morale. At the end of 2013, on the originally ridiculous land in Chengdu's Shuangliu suburbs, the hope of growing Chinese-made engine monocrystalline blades began. In order to be able to start production as soon as possible, plant construction and equipment purchases proceed simultaneously. Song Yang, deputy general manager of Chengdu Hangyu Superalloy Technology Co., Ltd.: The single crystal furnace is the most important equipment in the single crystal casting process. The single crystal furnace is the first day we started the preparation of the entire plant and began to search for suitable suppliers. And technical solutions. They initially found a supplier of single crystal furnaces in Europe that was well-known in the industry, but the other party said they could only provide standardized equipment and refused to customize according to the parameters of Chinese customers. Although the team communicated several times, it failed. After several twists and turns, they found a supplier of a single crystal furnace in the United Kingdom. The supplier just wanted to sell more equipment and did not expect that China could produce its own single crystal blade. With the in-depth negotiations, Chengdu Hangyu took out their customized solution. This professional single crystal furnace manufacturer could not help but look at the newcomers to the industry. Song Yang, deputy general manager of Chengdu Aerospace Superalloys Technology Co., Ltd.: They think that they are in line with the proposals put forward by advanced aviation companies in the West. Therefore, they have dispelled such doubts and believe that Chengdu Aerospace is a capable technology. , Can overcome a single crystal blade such a manufacturer. This supplier did not take a look. On July 22, 2015, the first batch of products of Chengdu Hangyu was released, and the passing rate was a startling one. In 2016, an inspection report issued by an authoritative international third-party testing agency showed that the test results of single-crystal blades submitted by Chengdu Hangyu Superalloy Technology Co., Ltd. were consistent with European and American standards in terms of high-temperature tensile properties and high-temperature durability properties. Chengdu Hangyu has also become the first domestic company to achieve mass production of single crystal blade. Song Yang: With so many years of experience in China, any foreign country that has blocked China will be able to make breakthroughs in this area by relying on our own self-reliance and hard work. The production time of single crystal blades is only a short one year, and some production details are still improving. Each defective blade is a valuable sample that can provide a valuable reference for improving process details. According to the results of electron microscopy analysis, Song Yang planned to replace the plutonium used in the casting process when remanufacturing the blades. After the process is improved, it will take one and a half months to produce a batch of such single crystal blades through the layer process. Because of the special nature of the aviation industry, it takes longer than the production cycle to open the market. In fact, in 2015, in the production of the first furnace single crystal sheet by Hangyu, “The Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Institutional Mechanism and Accelerating the Implementation of Innovation-Driven Development Strategies†issued, Chengdu Aerospace’s new arrival in the aviation industry. In the process of bringing their own innovations to the market, they have received strong support from the government. In February 2017, Chengdu was approved as a model city for the “Made in China 2025†pilot project. As the country’s civil aviation high-tech industrial base and a major fighter aircraft R&D and manufacturing base, Chengdu is committed to creating a more complete industrial system. Chengdu Aerospace also continues to receive project funding from governments at all levels. The funds already in place since 2015 are close to 40 million yuan. Including the national, provincial, municipal, and district-level people plans and supporting funds of 9.46 million yuan, Sichuan Province, strategic emerging industries and high-end growth industry special funds projects 20,400,000 yuan, Sichuan Provincial Military and Civilian combined industrial development special funds 6 million yuan . Moreover, for such high-tech industries with long-term investments, the support of the government is shifting from one step in the past to continuous investment according to the needs of the project. The Director of the Civil and Military Integration Promotion Division of the Chengdu Municipal Economic and Information Committee of Chengdu Municipality, Bin Ge: We also hope that we can pass some of the basic fields of the original field to form the real core capabilities of our manufacturing industry in the future. We know that this process is relatively long and comparative. Difficult, so we are prepared for ideology. 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