Livestock and poultry limited feeding

The by-products of cakes are rich in protein and have high nutritional value, which is a good source of protein feed for livestock and poultry. However, the biscuit raw materials usually contain some anti-nutritional factors and toxins, and it is necessary to pay attention to the amount of restriction in actual use.

The crude protein content of the bean cake (粕) is between 40% and 48%, and the lysine content is higher than other cakes. It mainly contains thyroid-promoting factors, anti-trypsin factors, urease and the like. Bean cake (粕) is the best source of plant protein. There are no restrictions on the use of various animals. However, considering the price and other factors, the amount of various livestock and poultry accounts for about 2/3 of the total protein feed. 1/2 is good to reduce feed costs and improve farming efficiency. If the animal protein can be properly supplemented, the effect is better.

Compared with bean cake, cottonseed cake has low protein content, high fiber, low metabolism energy, low essential amino acids, especially lysine, and anti-nutritional factors such as gossypol and cyclopropene. The dosage should be limited. More than 20% of yak, 25% of dairy cows, and 1/3 of cattle are suitable; the maximum limit of pigs is 30%, the general suitable dosage is less than 10%, and the growth pigs are less than 9%; the amount of chickens and other poultry is generally less than 10%. The suitable dosage is 5% or less, and laying hens are prohibited.

The peanut cake (粕) shelled peanut cake (粕) has a higher quality, and the crude protein can reach 44% to 47%. Compared with bean cake, arginine is especially high in peanut cake, but other essential amino acids, especially lysine, are lacking, and because the shell contains more tannins, resulting in low digestibility, low efficiency of amino acids, and easy to produce yellow. Aspergillus, the amount must be limited. The amount of various livestock and poultry should be less than 20%, preferably not more than 10%. Regardless of the animal used, attention should be paid to the supplementation of other amino acids, which should be prohibited for mildew.

The crude protein of rapeseed cake (粕) is 36%～38%, the essential amino acid is higher, the sulfur-containing amino acid is higher than the bean cake, but the lysine is lower than the bean cake, the amino acid is also less effective than the bean cake, and the palatability is poor, especially Due to toxic substances such as glucosinolate and erucic acid, the amount must be limited. Pigs should be less than 7%, and the maximum should not exceed 10%. Lactation pigs and pregnant pigs should be less than 3%; chickens should be 2.5% to 5%, and the maximum should not exceed 10%.

The nutrient composition of sesame cake is close to that of bean cake. The crude protein is 40%, the crude fiber is 8%, the metabolizable energy and lysine content are lower than that of bean cake, but it is good for methionine, cystine, tryptophan and mineral elements. Source, but the high content of oxalic acid in the seed shell affects the use of minerals. Generally not the only source of protein, the applicable amount of pigs and poultry is 7.5%.