Cultivation of excellent white radish, season management

White radish is rich in nutrients and contains various trace elements that can induce interferon in the human body. Regular consumption can enhance the body's body immunity and inhibit the growth of cancer cells. B vitamins in the radish and minerals such as potassium and magnesium can promote gastrointestinal motility and help to eliminate waste in the body. White radish is suitable for simmering fresh food, cold salad, fried food, soup, etc. It can also be marinated and made into kimchi. The products can be supplied to restaurants, restaurants, supermarkets, and can be exported and sold to other provinces and cities because of its resistance to storage and transportation. . The planting quality in the protected area is fresh and tender, and the yield per mu is about 4,000 kg, which has high economic benefits.

First, select excellent varieties. In the winter and spring seasons, the varieties such as “Chunyu” with good cold resistance, high quality, good commerciality and resistance to convulsions are selected; in autumn, varieties such as “White Autumn Mino” which are heat-resistant and disease-resistant are selected.

Second, the cultivation season

Spring greenhouse: planted from early February to mid-February, harvested before and after May Day;

Spring greenhouse: planted in mid-March, harvested in mid-June;

Autumn greenhouse: planted in mid-August and late August, harvested in November;

Autumn and winter greenhouses: New Year's Day harvest: planting in early September; harvesting in the Spring Festival: planting from the end of September to the beginning of October.

Third, preparation before planting

Carry out the rotation: choose the greenhouse planting of cruciferous vegetables in the past two years.

Clean garden: After the harvest, the rotten leaves and weeds of the residual plants are cleared to the outside of the shed in time, and the harmless treatment such as high temperature composting is concentrated to reduce the source of infection of pests and diseases.

Apply enough base fertilizer: apply more than 4000 kg of fully decomposed and finely divided organic fertilizer per mu, or more than 2000 kg of commercial organic fertilizer. Do not apply unfertilized fertilizer and mix well with soil.

Improve the quality of the land preparation: the soil should be deeply cultivated and compacted, so that the ground level, flatness, straightness, and no waste.

Sterilization of the shed: After fertilization, 250 g of sulfur powder per acre is mixed with 1000 g of dry sawdust and ignited. The door and vents are sealed and the chamber is disinfected.

Ribs and squats: There are two rows and two rows of squats. The double rows are made of sorghum at a distance of 90 cm, the width of the sorghum is 55 cm, the width of the sulcus is 35 cm, and the surface of the sorghum is 20-30 cm above the ground. In the spring season, a drip irrigation pipe is laid in the middle of the two rows, and the mulch film is covered to save water. Single row planting is made up to a height of 20 cm above the ground at a distance of 55 cm.

Fourth, sowing

The amount of seed per acre is 80-150 grams. The plant spacing is 20 cm, the row spacing is 45-55 cm, and the planting density per acre is 5500-6500 plants. Using the method of hole-seeding, punch holes in the mulch, then sow, and put 2 seeds in each hole. The thickness of the soil is 1.5 cm. After pressing the soil, press it slightly to ensure that the seed and soil are tightly combined. Then watering is carried out, and the degree of watering is subject to the saturation of the surface.

V. Seedling management

5-6 days after sowing, it is necessary to check the seedlings once. If the seedlings are broken, the seedlings should be replanted immediately. The seedlings are fully developed when the cotyledons are fully unfolded, and when the true leaves are exposed, the seedlings are carried out in 3-4 true leaves. Leave one plant per hole, and go to the diseased seedlings, weak seedlings, non-species seedlings and insect bites. From emergence to sealing, the ridge should be ploughed 2-3 times to increase the ground temperature and promote the growth of young roots.

Sixth, vigorous growth of leaves

This stage mainly promotes the growth of roots, so it is necessary to control the water, carry out cultivating and seedlings. The specific seedling time should be determined according to the climate and soil conditions, generally 12-15 days. When sandy soil and weather are dry, the seedling time should be shortened. During the daytime, 18°C-22°C, nighttime 10°C-12°C; to increase the light, especially the winter and spring seasons, scrub the shed film every day to improve the light transmittance of the shed film, so that the radish has more light.

7. Management of fleshy root expansion period

After the radish is exposed, keep the soil moist, prevent the soil from being wet and dry, and pour water into the water to avoid excessive drought and flooding. Watering at the right time and in the right amount is an important measure to ensure the appearance and taste quality of the appearance; watering is stopped one week before harvest. The optimum temperature is 18°C-22°C during the day, 10°C-12°C at night, and the ground temperature is 13°C-18°C. In summer and autumn, the temperature is lowered by means of air release, covering the sunshade net and watering, and the greenhouse is kept warm and cold in winter. In terms of illumination, sufficient light is required, photosynthesis is strong, material accumulation is large, fleshy roots are swollen fast, and yield is high. Try to increase the lighting time and intensity in winter. When the bottom fertilizer is applied to the foot, it is generally no longer topdressing. Some boron fertilizer can be applied along with the water to prevent cracking. If the amount of base fertilizer is small, it can be applied to the fully fertilized organic fertilizer once with the water at the beginning of the rhizome, 300-500 kg per mu; there is a drip irrigation facility that can apply 40% of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. kg. Foliar spray fertilizer is applied 3-5 times during the whole growth period. It can be sprayed with 0.25% borax or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.5% urea. The hanging bag method or the direct reaction method can be used to increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the facility, increase the photosynthesis efficiency, and achieve the purpose of promoting growth and increasing yield. The hanging bag method has 20 bags per mu.

Eight, harvest

The radish harvest period is generally harvested after the fleshy root is fully expanded, affecting the yield too early, increasing the fiber too late, prone to cracking roots, jealousy, and lowering the commercial value. When the fleshy root diameter reaches 5 cm or more, it can be harvested one after another. When harvesting, the petiole should be cut 7-10 cm, and sold after washing. Pay attention to lightly when harvesting to prevent bruising of fleshy roots.